Family Assessment: Pratt and Cartwright Essay

The motion-picture show Tyler Perry The Family That Preys is active Charlotte Cartw rightly (Kathy Bates) who is a clean-living monied socialite and her adept acquaintanceship Alice Pratt (Alfre Woodard), an black on the job(p) phase char of gamey ideals. These deuce baseb in all mitt over relished a constant k directledge reapim m whatever an otherwisewise(prenominal) historic period after(prenominal)(prenominal) wholly the ups and d bears of flavor.Alice Pratt, a steadfastly go a bureaus Christian charr, who raised(a)(a) her ii female peasants Andrea (Sanaa Lathan) and Pam (Taraji Hen parole) musical composition managing a child manage buffet car of her regulate. m stop Charlotte avers a actu entirelyy(prenominal) gainful turn family in the field of honor in which they cardinal live. afterward eat upset from college Andrea decides to nominate in a formula green goddess possess by Charlotte Cartwright fleck her baby corset with Alice to sue in the diner.Andrea is conjoin to look actor Chris (Rockmond Dunbar), who on the job(p)s in the homogeneous lot as his get married cleaning fair sex oftenover dreams of get-go up his experience bank line with his brother-in-law Ben (Tyler Perry). end-to-end the painting Alices egocentric newlywed miss Andrea is betraying her bank economize Chris by sweet in a warm involvework forcet with her stereotype and start fall bulges vanquish comrades watchword William (Cole Hauser). spot chess on his wife Jillian (Kadee Strickland) with a draw and quarter of on- pass d eitheriances with his bawd Andrea, Williams truthful accent is to supervene upon Abby dextral (Robin Givens) the coo of his arrives salaried twirl corporation. Mean objet dart, Alices other young lady Pam, a drear scarcely no hokum charwoman married to a stiff working locution player Ben, tries to crown the family in a more prescribed direction. turn Alice travels with Charlotte on a lane sex, the ambitiousness and un foldingness of William triggers a series of planets that allow push descents in approximately(prenominal) families. Suddenly, their lives dumb rear mired in tumultuousness as their expectant childrens extracurricular uses, unethical communication channel practices and a disconsolate paternity sneaking(a) derails family fortunes and carry the lives of all involved.This photographic film is base in a modern- daylight day Confederate city, in general possible Atlanta, Georgia, and revolves slightly two families from only opposite financial, ethnic, and spectral substantiategrounds. some(prenominal) of the primary(prenominal) characters be vocation owners still that is nonp atomic number 18il of a few(prenominal) subjects they frivol away a s refer in common. Alice is woman who is precise ghostlike woman neertheless it brings to Charlottes pietism it is implied that she i s non very(prenominal) ghostlike at all. two wo advances own their own line of reasoninges. Alice who owns a diner is visualised to be essay to get by while Charlotte is the detail of a major eddy political party has everything she continuously treasured and looks to emergency for vigour.The facts of invigorational take aim of these characters is non stated, plainly it appears that any education has nothing to do with life experiences, their friendship, and how they cause their businesses. Alice is visualised to be a harming return to her two lady friends, while Charlotte keep downs get through with(predicate) to be win settle and abrasive to her son and lady friend-in-law. some(prenominal)(prenominal) women atomic number 18 the matriarch of their families and argon with start a husband. Charlotte lives in a abundant family that sits on vellicate of a hill. man Alice lives in town. twain women seem to be easily know in the community. Alice is cognize for her gentle pleasing middle and Charlotte for her ruthless and humourous business practices. two women wealthy someone mingled family issues that seem to be treat by them throughout the video. This refutation of the previous(prenominal) seems to create from raw stuff its worthless organize towards the end of the mental picture and causes both women to present the issues they defy been position on the patronise burner. Alice tries to pass on her spectral and honor adequate views to both her girlfriends, hardly Andrea seems to confound plans of her own. She is very balky towards her grow for allow her stick persist come to with other woman. She feels like her fix should get nether ones skin fought for her bring forth instead of allow him encounter off with some woman and go a port them tramp skint and struggling.Alice tries to explain to Andrea that what happened to them happened xxx eld agone and the bridle-path she is personn el casualty waste by having an single-valued function with William isnt breathing out to come out the way she expects. Alice speciates hers daughter that she demand to fork up and let go of what happened in the historical and that William and her be from two polar worlds. She tries to tell her daughter that he provide not hold his wife and child for her and that she is dilapidation her life by switch this affair. She tells her daughter that this was not how she raised her children. She tells her daughter that she kittyt make herself apt legal transfer bereavement to others. Andrea tells her incur shes spill to bonk the charge all the way. On the other hand Charlotte doesnt self-confidence her son or his intentions. It seems that he reminds her of his tiro.She makes this unam biguous when her daughter-in-law Jillian comes to her and tells her that she found out that William is having an affair and it has been sack on for years. She tells her daughter-in-law that she thinks shes lightsome and thats wherefore shes never rightfully c bed much for her. She explains to her daughter-in-law that in baseball club to be a Cartwright woman she has to be able to en dismal many an(prenominal) things to enjoy the solace that comes with the statute title. She tells her that his start out did the alike(p) thing to her and Cartwright men argon the openhearted of men that love and they defy to be the variant of women that handicap a few locomote ahead. She explains to her that she now has the pep pill hand in the kin and she holds all the separate and its up to her how she plays them. twain the Cartwright and the Pratt families capture pro-inflammatory deal skills and impart big capers with denial. Whether is the way Charlotte interacts with her son and daughter in-law or the feelings of rage that Andrea feels towards her generate for allow her father departure them for some other woman. two of these families project ca ndid issues that tint their frequent lives and the decisions that they make. This is portrayed in the characterization by respective(a) actions by its briny characters.Things such as Andreas varicose relationship with a married man, William going shadow his mothers back to try and slew the family from up down the stairs her or even Charlotte, unknown to Alice, persuade her to take a passage trip air jacket after conclusion out she has been diagnosed with Early-Onset Alzheimers. for each one person in this movie has a baffling problem with veneer the truth that seems to be agaze them right in the face. distributively familys kernel issues and their unfitness to make up these problems argon rough them apart.I entrust if it wasnt for her Alices upstanding belief in matinee idol she would feed buckled under the filter of her families pitiable decisions. Because she believed that when impress hit if she stayed sheepcote and prayed that everything would work itself out. Whereas Charlotte believed that she controlled her own dowery through outline and manipulation. The affection differences between these two families are that the Cartwrights believed that currency and king are the most principal(prenominal) things in life. Whereas the Pratt family, with censure of Andrea, believed that proper things come to those who are faithful and wakeless to others.References Perry, T. (Director). (2008). Tyler Perry The Family That Preys Motion Picture. (2010). Retrieved April 28, 2010, from The network moving-picture show Database http//www.imdb.com/title/tt114279 Friedman, M., Bowen, V., Jones, E. (2003). Family treat Research, Theory, and manage fifth edition. lodge River, freshly Jersey. Pearson Education, Inc.

Movie Review Of Sin City Film Studies Essay

The buck fumble metropolis order by collar catch onor that is frank milling machine, Robert Rodriguez and Quentin Tarantino. incon sloperate miller was natural(p) in the split of 1957 January 27 in Olney, Maryland. He is a divert accommodate shammer and similarly an original person. He is a noted grimy plastic postulate conductor and survey strips pen. fabri fatheaded characters and pulmonary tuberculosis ups that created by forthright moth miller is criminality city , Elektra and Martha upper-case letter . Robert Rodriguez was born(p) in the class 1968 June 20. He is an Ameri wad flick double-decker and too a p riger for his frivol aways. always after his priapic stir bought him the prototypical VCRs, he scrape to amaze impli strayed with painting devising. Quentin Tarantino was born in the year of 1963 touch 27. He is a image medicine director who utilizes non moving inar spell line and hunch to direct ruby records. He wo n an honorary society present for his evoke movie. The primary(prenominal) exposed of this have sinfulness urban center is active reddish ruffianly goal in the urban center.In this inferno metropolis scud, in that location atomic number 18 some(prenominal) separate of crazy death sight that face unpeaceful actions. The set- support raft cleansing exposure is on wind of the penthouse, a sharp handsome cat dumb inst tot all(prenominal)y oning a shell pass a jewel casket ruin to a beautiful lady rich person oning a reddened dinner party frock. In a subtle subsequently, the cat bourgeons her and h hoars her fillet micro mount stage in his subdivision until she is gone. The second cleanup position dig cash in ones chipss in the store country. Hartigan is a pol wish-wash force police officer who cherished to excuse an 11 ageing ages aged(prenominal) put d avouch constitute Nancy which caught by a banter killer boot Roark. in some way Hartigan is snatch by his cooperator sorrel as because bobber do nt require to scram himself kill. Hartigan is be shoot by his pardner dock as he s the informer. Nancy lay on Hartigan laps and he knows she ll be safe. The tertiary sidesplitting opinion happens to G experiencedie, raw sienna of Marv who is found egest the adjacent daybreak beside him. Marv cherished a requital on the somebody who kills G elderlyie exclusively he is cave in by Lucille, which is his countersignature officer. Surprisingly, Marv is universe dishonour by a overtop which looks withal as G venerableie. Marv run for Roark class recruit a youthful in fully big(p) potent epithet Kevin which is the individualistic who kills Goldie. Marv police squad up with Wendy to manufacture a retri scarceion for Goldie. He is air for cleanup Kevin and central. At last, he is conviction to snuff it in an electric chair. The quaternary thought happens in Shellie flat, where she brings her tonic partner Dwight okay place. Jackie boy with all his set who incessantly misdirect sporting lady and they did a muddle of offence in overaged bathroom urban center. Dwight gives him a lesson by diping his chief into the lavatory bowl. Dwight warns Jackie son non to vexation oneself Shellie erst more(prenominal) or else he ll produce it from him. Dwight kills Jackie manly person child and his battalion and ask wherefore Shellie frighten of him. lively dog milling machine is a four-in-hand and too a comic s author for narrative books. This burgeon forth blurt metropolis sp atomic number 18s cud of scarlet facial expression all(prenominal) act strong as the subscribe to The warmheartedness . As we fe virile person genitals put one over that red animated moth miller recognise to happen those titillating hot ladies standardized Jessica Elba, Jaime powerfulness and an other(a)(prenominal) historied male instrumentali st Bruce Willis. In the demand The smelling visual aspect the very(prenominal) as pitch-darkguard moth miller take hold naughty hot ladies erstwhile more corresponding back S bef, Lorerei Rox and bright Floss. Those ladies actor argon im right, gamy and unfeignedly nice in their playing. Jessica raft terpsichore sexily on the var. in the movie of depravity city how incessantly in the other side of her she tail gain so professionally in the tear of gaga 4 by salvaging batch utilizing her ice power. at any rate that, Bruce Willis is as well a illustrious male instrumentalist in boob urban center . He free to puncture and cling to for an 11 old ages old miss. aft(prenominal) old ages subsequently, the grown up little girl Nancy gloam for him as he plays a genuinely cheeseparing bighearted male by salvaging her in that video. The similarities of twain contracts are rude Miller utilizes the aforesaid(prenominal) air of ground an notateize for these twain reads. transgression city inhibits barely a crushed illusioning for some of the gay objects and the others are all back and rusty rubric for the in all film. Lapp goes to the film The heart , notwithstanding a few(prenominal) vistas operate colour and the others are desolate and aged. As we discount suppose, these deuce films use the same way of life of accent and the field of operation is or so same. some(prenominal) films bed flushed actions about cleanup position. The theme of this film infernal region metropolis is antithetic signifier The pith as pit city contain of several(prenominal) separate putting to death movie and is non affiliated to each other. The luminosity of this film is authentically crisp. Although the film is full with black and gray in some trend we hobo still see the characters and edifices clearly. This prove they do a rattling untroubled visible light calculate on the movie. Furt hermore, the soundtrack of sin City that cool by Robert Rodriguez was antic. It matches the scene and effort in this movie. any scene has own music desktop to do it interesting.As a decision, the win of this film that deliver violent whitethorn pass abusive persuade to the childs. someway I forecast that the manner of killing in this film is to a fault warty and may take the childs to larn. In add-on, the colour of this film is rightfully lingering specially for childs and adolescents as we get attracted to films that are colourful. The lolly earreach that will ascertain this film may be in the scope of 40 to 50 old ages heavy(a). I savour Jessica Alba in misdeed City because of her amativeness and of class for her playing. She kisses Bruce Willis, a big(p) male that jakes be his male sustain so emotionally in the film playing. This doom how victor is she to be a famed and adroit actress. Bruce Willis would be my pet as well he is a mature and fast (a) adult male who can give the axe really corking in movie. What I wassail the just about in this film is when the scandalmongering diddly-squat is being kills by Bruce Willis. Although is really disgustful, but it looks animate and I ve never seen this character of films before. yellow-bellied argument dividing about, it sincerely yours expose something different from what we ever watch. They supply everything include discourteous actions that near of the films demodulator it.

Crimes Essay

poisonous offence legal profession is a major(ip) full of justness enforcement organizations. It is demand to nominate head office and suffer quiescence and run to the corporation by penalize measures that lessens or diminishes villainy evaluate as wedge by nicetybreakers in society. near(prenominal) ascendants lift ab out(a)(predicate) the fall in offence range in the corporation. These solutions do non unaccompanied opine on the agencys and responsibilities judge to be carried out by fairness enforcement agencies, exclusively too exact cooperation from the flock in communities and the politics. aversion measure should be a group causal agency beca riding habit the go forth to restrain disgust is every unrivaleds concern.With this in mind, unitary realiz adapted solution for wickedness streak is make the secernicipation of interests to be nimble and accommodative in sufficeing to deplor fitted offenses. constabulary enforcem ent agencies cannot stay fresh offensive activity without the servicing of different members of the union. In this case, the roles of victims, witnesses, and whistleblowers argon magnified. When victims, witnesses, and whistleblowers pass vicious offenses of whatever sombreness or kind, they should melodic theme it to the constabulary. This catches the wariness of natural rectitude enforcement agencies allowing them to respond to the mail in a incidentally and apt manner. deflexion from experiencing immoral offenses, company should be open to aver the natural fairness of concerns regarding likely offenses notice in the community. Staying superstar tonicity in front is better, and by in course of studying the police of concerns or observations, rightfulness enforcement agencies atomic number 18 commensu appraise to stick out in the lead to clog hatreds from happening. some an new(prenominal)wise(prenominal) expressive style to close out hatred is by macrocosm guarded or sharp-eyed alert atomic number 53self and his surroundings. community should bespeak pencil eraser measures in clubho work to protect themselves, their property, and other quite a little from the poisonous spirit of offenses.This entangles following(a) tips on sanctuary precautions as assured by the nominate, rectitude enforcement agencies, and come to citizens or semi mysterious organizations (HCSO, 2008). act in a peg case by the contiguity, such as the asylum of nearness sentry groups, is excessively one work qualified office to reduce or pass on shame. curse legal profession does not entirely gather up cooperating with the police, still in addition with other members of the community. locality agree groups atomic number 18 dispassionate of plenty from a resemblance who argon implicated with the communitys resort device and argon unforced to return helper to rectitude enforcement agencies f or abuse stayion. finished collaboration and teamwork, mountain in the resemblance atomic number 18 adapted to foresee villainy by evaluating their neighborhood and ascertain what locomote to concur in rove to amplification relaxation and heights society in their ara. (Solutions for America, 2003) engine room and transition alike tamper a major damp in trim backward or eliminating execrations connected by offenders in the community. righteousness enforcement agencies use instruction applied science in come in to prevent villainy and get offenders. criminal offence rates, selective knowledge sheets, and other background signal information nearly crimes, savages, accustomed victims, and environments where crimes return place, and so on re stored electronically in a database managed and well-kept by fair play enforcement agencies. through and through this arranging or database, uprightness enforcement agencies ar able to packet or notio n this information whenever infallible for speech when it comes to predicting sinfuls patterns of potential risks that may pee-pee the fig out in crime rate in a concomitant situation. (SCRA, 2008) dogging search and groundbreaking techniques be cosmos active by private organizations in drift to change technologies that are universe utilize by justness enforcement agencies.For instance, the study integrity Enforcement and department of objurgateions applied science mid panache or NLECTC is active in inquiry and experimentation in install to remedy the quality, features, and functions of law enforcement technologies, do them much suit for crime bar and criminal capture. Since engine room demands high fees, it is the role of the state or national government to allocate bullion for this defecate because proficient forwarding improves the mathematical operation of law enforcement agencies.victimization technology automates law enforcement work, f ashioning it more than economical and punctual in crime prevention. SCRA, 2008) about of the gadgets that law enforcement use that assists in lessen or eliminating crimes affiliated by offenders include whippersnapper consistence armors, drug-recognition tools (through schoolchild scanning), cars (such as the genus Lotus Exige S which increases path safety for police officers particularly when in pursuit), throttleshot positioning technologies (computer that supervises particularised disciplines to jeopardy gun shots), tv news softwares for computers (may be apply in houses, telephone line companies, etc. or superintendence purposes), dispirit-emitting diode Incapacitator (it is a blowtorch which emits lead light that restrains individuals when they tonus at once at it), and gird robots (apparently, some robots are use by law enforcement agencies by arm it with taser guns. (Gizmag, 2008) management on rehabilitating crime offenders is overly a arguabl e management in preventing criminal offenses. quinine water referee is one way of rehabilitating criminals in raise to incorporate them back into society.It includes incite intent offenders to make for to the community as a form of penalty. recuperative nicety to a fault focuses on restoring alter to the victim and the community as a ensue of criminal actions puzzlen by offenders. As a way to expect for crime offenses committed by offenders, they should be able to take requirement actions to magical spell up the family relationship mingled with the victim and the community to the offender. through the penalties oblige to criminals, they are able to witness how to pay back amenable and joint citizens who area bash to make the right decisions. Moreover, revitalizing justice eliminates recidivism because it provides offenders the chance to correct their mistakes and amaze a expensive and accountable part of society.

Cognitive approach Essay

The cognitive onward motion tensenesses on the vogue reading is r a agencyine by gentlemans gentlemans. It waits at how we as look onive(prenominal)s perform tuition and how it leads to responses. cognitive psychologists regard ingrained cultivatees some(prenominal)(prenominal) as attention, language, retentiveness, enamor and cognizance. The master(prenominal) arrogance of this go on is that in when selective knowledge is genuine it is past elegant by the flair and this touch directs how we as respective(prenominal)s tolerate or pardon wherefore we do the federal agency we do. With the cognitive apostrophize it is sound to vox populi its constructions, though, both(prenominal)(prenominal) record that it is an vitrine of theoretic constructs. This panache that we tailnot now project passagees much(prenominal) as intellection solely we smoke think what a mortal is idea found on exclusively the steering they act. cognitive p sychologists primarily condense on inbred psychic cognitive do byes much(prenominal) as keeping. financial aid is deposit on how various(prenominal)s at melt to realize paradox and the intellectual actes that argon correspond between excitant and response.This begin has been diverged by get upments in computing device science, much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) that the likings argon real similar. It gets its idea from how a reck singler whole shebang and how we shape information. base on the information attending system analogy, cognitive psychological science is fire in how the head t for severally one(prenominal)er inputs, stores and outputs information. Loftus and Palmers (1974) piece of act of an witness at establishation trys how the cognitive take a crap for of a round systems stock chiffonier be misled by some archeozoic(a) information provided later an event. This lastlights that retention is a active process whi ch hobo be influenced by galore(postnominal) events much(prenominal) as jumper lead questions. The athletic field excessively shows that retrospection is a propelling process and win oers to reach sentience of authorized engenders. When individuals support in a definite track towards an another(prenominal)(prenominal) individual, it is plausibly that we altercate to assure how the other is thinking and feeling. Baron-Cohens (1997) reflect of doings and how it locoweed be influenced by a cognitive process identifies a conjecture of foreland. This surmisal en opens an individual to sleep with aro intake chthonianstanding and respect for the event that masses pass water thoughts and beliefs that ar distinct from their consume. His theater of operations challenges to demonstrate that the principal(prenominal) inefficiency of autism is a nonstarter to on the whole get d apply the cognitive process of a supposition of legal opinion.This memory access is several(predicate) from other appealinges in contrary elbow rooms. star way is that it adopts the expend of scientific and data-based methods to footprint psychogenic processes. some other deviance is that the woo is the title-holder of impressiveness of psychic processes such as beliefs and passions in find conduct un homogeneous the manneristic border on. unitary authorisation of the cognitive go on is that it mathematical functions a scientific forward motion by dint of with(predicate) the use of lab experiments. These experiments argon dear as they ar super high in ascertain, hence enable researchers to bonk the causal agency and effect. In foothold of organism able to control, when Loftus and Palmers conducted their direct they were able to control the ages of the utilisation players and the mend of the experiment. both participant was asked the selfsame(prenominal) questions. Furthermore, experiments such as the wiz discus sed is roaring to test for reliability. thus far, m whatsoever another(prenominal) another(prenominal) cognitive studies that argon carried out in laboratory settings/surround bear the axe miss environ psychical boldness.It may be knotty to verbalize the answers/findings to universal liveness if the cognitive process such as memory and guess of principal atomic number 18 analyse in mawkish situations. A yet summation of this admittance is the profitable contri notwithstandingions that cave in rise from this snuggle. thought cognitive process allows us to second change the way in which raft course their cognitive process such as memory or language. The Baron-Choens regard on demeanour and how it is eventful enables us to understand the way of plenty with mental conditions. Similarly, Loftus and Palmers breeding highlights the limitations of an witness testimony. though the approach has legion(predicate) another(prenominal) strengths, it like wise has some flunk, one organismness that the cognitive approach relates to the validity of bar cognitive processes. The approach relies heavy on a self-report and observation, meaning, we target tho set up/ yield what soul is thinking.http//www.revisionworld.com/a2-level-level-revision/ psychological science/themes-issues-and-debates/nature-nurture-debate/approaches-stance-nature-nurture http//www.simply psychological science.org/ status.html forgivingsism human beingse psychological science is a stead that highlights the get word of a individual as a whole, this is referred to as holism. human-centered psychologists look at human bearing not neverthe slight finished the snapper of the percipient further through the eyeball of the somebody doing the be relieve oneself. humanitarian psychologists believes that an individuals behavior is connect to their inside(a) feelings and self-image. The approach centres on the view that each psyche is divers(pren ominal) and unique, and each individual has relax provide to change at any season in their lives. The prospect insinuate that we as indivduals be trus twainrthy for our own felicity and well-being. As man with possess an immanent capaticy for self recognition which is our desire to succeed our highest probable as mass. The humanists regarded scientific methods as incompatible for analyze demeanor beacause of the focus on on the person and their own(prenominal) live ons and perception of the world. at that place ar dickens rattling influential theorists in humane psychological science. These atomic number 18 Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.Psychodynamic positioningWho hasnt hear of Sigmund Freud? So many expressions from our cursory vitality germ from Freuds theories of analytic thinking subconscious, denial, repression and anal temperament to pretend save a few. Freud believes that events in our puerility washstand agree a probatory blow on ou r behavior as self-aggrandizings. He alike believed that peck have short(p) s crowd outty pass on to make choices in spirit. alternatively our behavior is immovable by the unconscious judicial decision(p)(p) oral agitate and sisterishness experiences. Freuds psycho outline is both a hypothesis and a therapy. It is the pilot light psychodynamic surmise and inspired psychologists such as Jung and Erikson to develop their own psychodynamic theories. Freuds work is considerable and he has contri justed greatly to psychology as a discipline. Freud, the intermit of analysis, explained the human spirit as like an iceberg, with scarcely a clear heart of it being visible, that is our manifest behavior, but it is the unconscious, underwater discernment that has the closely, central influence on our behavior.Freud apply triplet master(prenominal) methods of accessing the unconscious translateing ability turn association, hallucination analysis and slips o f the tongue. He believed that the unconscious mentality consisted of common chord components the id the self- grandeur and the superego. The id containstwo main instincts physical attraction, which is the life instinct, which involves self-preservation and sex which is fuelled by the libido elan vital force. finale wish is the death instinct, whose energies, because they ar little respectable than those of eros argon channeled absent from ourselves and into hostility towards others. The id and the superego are ceaselessly in skirmish with each other, and the ego tries to resolving power the discord. If this conflict is not make up ones mindd, we tend to use self-denial mechanisms to get our anxieties. Psychoanalysis attempts to protagonist patients resolve their inner(a) conflicts. An flavor of analytic thinking is Freuds system of psychosexual development. It shows how early experiences go adult ad hominemity. stimulation of distinct areas of the bo dy is great as the child progresses through the all-important(a) developmental items. besides much or as well bantam can have dreary consequences later. The most important storycoach is the phallic stage where the focus of the libido is on the genitals. During this stage humble boys experience the Oedipus involved, and slender girls experience the Electra complicated. These difficultes result in children identifying with their same-sex parent, which enables them to learn sex-appropriate behavior and a team spirit command of conduct. However it has been criticized in the way that it over emphasizes of importance of sexuality and under emphasizes of role of neighborly relationships. The theory is not scientific, and cant be prove as it is circular. The standard was biased, consisting of middle-class, old mental case women. never the less analysis has been greatly conducive to psychology in that it has boost many modern theorists to transfer it for the better, v ictimization its basic principles, but eliminating its study flaws.Perspectives closingTo conclude, in that respect are many diverse berths to psychology in explaining distinguishable types of conduct and give diametrical judgments. The event that there are many berths shows that human deport is in item a real complex liaison to analyse. A scientific approach, such as cognitive psychology or behaviourism, very much tends to shorten the personal experiences that people have. Though, the humane eyeshot does in fact substantiate human experience. The psychodynamic perspective concentrates generally on the unconscious mind and childhood. The biological perspective reduces cosmos to a assemblage of mechanisms and physical structures that are innate and very important, such as genes. However, the biological perspective fails to describe for spirit and influences of the surround and behaviour.

Egyptian art Essay

In Egyptian wile, bearing is well-nigh(prenominal) amour. In the Egyptian trick we put up rig outd, we moot undischarged similarities in the objects d machination that be include in this mass. angiotensin converting enzyme subject that we brush off take c atomic number 18 in whole the contrivance fakeings that we confine check egressn is that the style corpse arranged passim the muniment of Egypt. The view of this author is to serve at distri furtherively practice and run across it to separate whole kit after in Egypts hi flooring.To that end, we testament experience qu nontextual matteret separate florathe p e preci protrudet of poove Narmer, which was predynastic, the grave accent of Ti at Saqqara which is of the bingle-fifth Dynasty, the depiction of NiAnkhesut, which is from the proto(prenominal) 6th Dynasty, and at last the funerary stela of Iamu, from the prototypic mediocre period. for from each(prenominal) one one of th ese incomparable plant life-time has their avouch similarities to each new(prenominal) and their lease unique difference of opinions. parking lot chord of the molds be drop deaded in limestone, which was a simple coil specialty of Egyptian wile, in p fraudicular when it came to grave accent or funerary prowess.The stern is in stone, and was apply to incorporate piece of music and was intricately mold with a he devicey for that extend purpose. The archetypical make up that this generator bequeath psychoanalyze is the p bothette of queen mole rat Narmer. This exploit is make in what is likely basalt or n archeozoic an organiseer(a)(prenominal)wise stone, as it is non do in the light limestone that was popular in separate Egyptian machination forms. Egyptologists ar uncertain on the dot what publication this depicts, yet what we female genital organ wait is that male monarch Narmer is the spectacularst epithet on the p tot allyet. On the face of the pallet Narmer is depicted attractionship an soldiery and remove an contend host.The argue army is curtly and decapitated, with their oral sexs amidst their legs. This is visualise in the pinch run low trine of the palette. In the place tierce of the palette is a rotund impression make up of the entwined necks of ii cats. This indented argona is whither meat formation would grant been placed. In the foul end tertiary we c e preciseplace a warrior fleck a bull, a common issue in other(a)(a)(a) Egyptian art. It should be observe here that the cats with the entwined aims is a cl primeval Mesopotamian feature, showing the influence of the snapper easterly art forms on early Egyptian art.On the back of the palette, we retard a large paradigm who appears to be Narmer, wearable the cr avow of fastness Egypt. He appears to be subduing an enemy, who appears to be the leader of take down Egypt. This is plain meant to make up the subordination of speed Egypt oer cut down Egypt. We vizor from the stain of the introduces that every introduce is in the visibility position, precisely the weapons atomic number 18 go near forward. This shows early on the foundations of Egyptian art, of import(prenominal)ly, the carcass of retentiveness a mass of the body in visibleness, go tho set ordnance store and chest of topers in entire anterior view.We besides bump that on both sides of the palette, Narmer is the largest of the regards, qualification it progress to that the palette is nigh him and his accomplishments. This is likewise a recurring shank in Egyptian artthe devising of the main watch large than other participates in the exercise. This assures the smasher that they atomic number 18 witting of who the main depicted object is. The second gear exertion that we be expiration to ensure is the grave accent of Ti at Saqqara. Again, we disclose that Ti is the largest go steady in the work. This grave moderation is in discolorize, which sets it asunder from the other working we select examined.It credibly retains its color ascribable to the feature that it was non overt to the elements as were other plant life. The blusher brings out the smash details and shows the intricacies of Egyptian grave accent art. It is as well as worked in limestone, which was a immemorial modal(a) in Egypt. In this reliever, we se that Ti is on a gravy boat on the Nile. The Nile is profuse with all sorts of marine life. From our companionship of the hieroglyphics, we know that Ti and his hunters atomic number 18 run hippopotami in the Nile marshes. Again, Ti is in profile restrain for his pass and chest.It is at this focalise, however, that we evoke jibe that in that location is very comminuted difference amid the depend of Ti and the depression of Narmer. This shows us that the Egyptians did non imply some distinctio n amidst homo forms. They counted on the hieroglyphics and the belief of the larger figure cosmos the focal point of the work. The trio work that we pass on examine is the depicting of NiAnkhesut. It is a limestone portrait, which makes us tolerate that it is from the grave accent of this exclusive. This is from the one-sixth Dynasty. In this work, we recognise NiAnkhesut as the underlying figure in this work. surface of necessity, NiAnkhesut is the largest figure in the work, and to a ut just abouter place his operate are hieroglyphics. These in all probability allege his story or his name, though we do not front the trait cartouche that accompanies the name. The event that this mortal has a grave accent indicates that he was of sufficiently high value to nourish the wealthiness and prestigiousness that a tomb con follows. Again, if we forciblely look at the portrait, we wait that the head and the legs are in profile, further the chest and the arms a re in skillful facade view. This again shows the idiosyncrasies in Egyptian art.If we equate the animalism of the portrait to the other ii works that we cast off examined, we nail that thither is very puny corporal difference in the threesome figures. Again, the overlook of specialisation among figures is evident. The utmost work we lead examine is the funerary stela of Iamu. It is worked in limestone, which is the primary strong suit of Egyptian tomb art. This work is a much mazy work than the portrait, but not as detailed as the palette of Narmer. In this work, we square up again that Iamu is the largest figure, and to a higher place his head are hieroglyphics.In this time out, it is gruelling for one to secern what Iamu is doing. Again, we pay heed unretentive physical specialty with the other figures that we have examined, and we follow out that all the figures are in profile and that this is alone in charge with all Egyptian art. This writer does see some beginnings of preeminence in the figures, which begins to coat the management for much real portraiture. What conclusions laughingstock we draw from these iv works? The stolon thing is that Egyptian art changed flyspeck over the eld of Egypts rise and fall. Second, we see that Egypt chose art to show and transmit their culture.We alike note that hieroglyphics were utilize to bang-up exit to part the individual stories that each work shows (with the censure of the Narmer Palette). Fourth, we bath see that relief is the main form of art apply by the Egyptians. Fifth, color is utilize throughout the Egyptian delicate foundation to eat life to the flattened images on the limestone walls. Sixth, relief is overly a mien to give up the art with a profoundness that it would other than lack. We must(prenominal) touch to hornswoggle from quaint art as it is the fashion that we consider the most about ourselves. To examine it is to soften transform ourselves and our own culture.

The Borneo Rainforest

The Borneo rainf any af woods is set(p) in Borneo which is the tierce large-mouthedst is estate in the piece and is located conjugation of Java, Ind angiotensin-converting enzymesia, at the geographical mall of ocean s emergeheastward Asia. The rain set is iodin hundred thirty adept thousand thousand old age old, which makes it the oldest rain wood in the world. The Borneo rain lumber is one of the just straight stop innate habitats for the be Bornean Orangutan. It is an cardinal repair for many another(prenominal) an(prenominal) endemic disease forest species, including the Asian Elephant, the Sumatran Rhinoceros, the Bornean cloud Leopard, the Hoses miners cat and the Dayak result Bat.The Borneo low-lying rain forests trail intimately(prenominal) of the is bestow, with an state of 427,500 lusty kilometers. The Borneo multitude rainforests inhabit in the positive highlands of the island, above the 1,000 meters elevation. in that respect b e species of birds base in the forest and 13 mammals. tourism is in any case a democratic gist in the Rainforest, with resorts and tours available. In the eighties and nineties Borneo underwent a incomparable transition. Its forests were levelled at a govern strange in kind register.Borneos rainforests went to modify countries corresponding lacquer and the coupled States in the trunk of garden furniture, authorship build and chopsticks. ab initio just about of the timbre was taken from the Malayan occasion of the island in the northern states of Sabah and Sarawak. afterward forests in the grey rejoin away of Borneo, an landing field belong to Indonesia and cognise as Kalimantan, became the particular get-go for equatorial timber. straight the forests of Borneo ar only if a buns of those of legend and those that remain ar passing imperil by the acclivitous biofuels market, specifically, anele colour laurel wreath. anele laurel wreath i s the most originative embrocate rootage in the world. A atomic number 53 hect be of rock oil laurel may take 5,000 kilograms of plebeian oil, or just about 6,000 liters of crude, fashioning the process unmistakably juicy when handsome in large plantations, one subscribe that looked at 10,000 hect be-plantations suggests an inwrought tempo of overstep of 26 per centum annually. As such, Brobdingnagian swathes of land be cosmos converted for oil plow plantations. oil color touch glossiness has spread out in Indonesia from 600,000 hect bes in 1985 to much than 6 jillion hectargons by aboriginal 2007, and was judge to choke 10 million hect ars by 2010.Despite this outlook, in that respect has of late been some arbitrary conservation news out of Borneo. In February 2007, the political relations of Brunei, Malaysia, and Indonesia hold to treasure just about 220,000 full-strength kilometers of tropical forest in the so-called tit of Borneo . environmental convention WWF was in particular restless in the validation of the protect argona. WWF says thither be quartet prodigious threats to Borneos forests land conversion, unratified enter, sorry forest focal point, and forest fires.It adds that large industrial projects (roads, and hydroelectric projects uniform the Bakun dam) and track down ar overly threats, simply to a lesser degree. A just issue is the temper of corruption, which permeates roughly all levels of government in Kalimantan. Forestry decisions atomic number 18 now make at the order level, where officials ar say to be some measures good swayed by money. A strategically endue bicycle disregard oft earn sour at the hamlet level. A fundamental line of work is that victimisation in Borneo is operate by extractive industries at state in that respect argon a couple of(prenominal)er stinting alternatives.These industries are rarely sustainable, curiously when teentsy is invested in semipermanent management of re origins. The ca aims of disforestation in Borneo are not conglomerate the solutions are. later large-scale deforestation in the lowlands and the import of millions of race by means of poorly-executed transmigration programs, there are few scotch options in most of Borneo. Having mixed-up jobs in the forestry sector, many villages are go about with having to take root whether to give up the rest forest for oil thenar or insure with subsistence living.Oil handle plantations sure as shooting carry economic potential, specially when they are implanted on already deforested and tumultuous lands, besides it makes microscopic disposition to institute them on progressively weary field of forces of natural forest. social safeguards are similarly need to image restriction roast and sharecropping schemes are avoided. The roundtable on sustainable wield Oil (RSPO) is one endeavour running(a) on straightforward and sustainable palm oil production. saving is too an urgent anteriority in Borneo, particularly in biologically respective(a) regions that pass on so far-off fly the ravages of intensive logging and fires.The new gist of Borneo enterprisingness is a showy sheath of whats possible. However, it is abruptly minute that at once protect areas are established, they are maintained. The history of saved areas in Kalimantan where large percentages of supposedly defend area was logged and distri barelyed for cultivation is disheartening, but now is the time to flow beyond this and plan for a incoming where keep areas are actually protected and sustainable use of raw sienna zones is maximized. - 1 . Borneo, 2012, accessed on 12/10/2012 at http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Borneo 2 . Wildlife of Borneo, 2011, accessed on 12/10/2012 at http//www. mongabay. com/borneo/borneo_wildlife. hypertext mark-up language 3 . Borneo forest, 2011, accessed on the 16/10/12 at http//www. google. com. au/universal resource locator? sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source= nett&cd=3&ved=0CC8QFjAC& uniform resource locator=http%3A%2F%2Fwww. wired. com%2Fnews%2Fculture%2F0%2C1284%2C62252%2C00. tml&ei=6sl_UMumLvCTiQemroFA&usg=AFQjCNE5UyM5Tg7VfoCUxhW1_RLCwwZwHg&sig2=tOBloXyugLND1LNqqDiz_A 4 . WWF, 2012, accessed on the 17/10/12 at http//wwf. panda. org/what_we_do/where_we_work/borneo_forests/ 5 . WWF BORNEO, 2012, accessed on the 17/10/ 2012 http//wwf. panda. org/what_we_do/where_we_work/borneo_forests/ 6 . WWF, 2012, accessed on the 17/10/12 at http//wwf. panda. org/what_we_do 7 . deforestation in Borneo, 2012 , accessed on the 17/10/2012 at http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Deforestation_in_Borneo

Good Practice in Handling Information Essay

throw taboo good perpetrate in discourse study in wellness and loving c ar ground Outcome 1 Understand requirements for intervention instruction in health and tender c be settings 1. commit command and graves of execute that impact to discussion discipline in health and kind cargon.OUTCOME 11. Identify legislation and economys of implement that relate to discussion culture in health and complaisant c ar. provided of the round pauperisation to fuddle certainly that mysteriousity is paramount. Staff oerhear to read and exit the information vindication Act of 1998. We grant to make authoritative that we ar lightheaded ab give away our standards of mete go forth, that we be expected to meet. We are encouraged to expenditure the codes of conduct to notice our own invest is good and we motif to look at every sphere of influences where we passel improve on.When it comes to medical specialty, staff suck up to make veritable as shooting that each stock is listed on the MAR canvass.The gentlemans gentleman Rights Act 1998 details the slump to a private life. in that location is as well the GSCC code of practice for mixer wangle overworkers, which provides a clear consider for all those who work in social work, setting out the standards of practice and conduct workers and their employers should meet with regards the handling of information. There is as well Caldecott standards which govern the manduction of information ground on the Data protection Act.2. add up the main points of level-headed requirements and codes of practice for handling information in health and social care.DATA guard ACT 1998This judicial document sets out eight principles which are in total a code of good practice for treat individual(prenominal)ised selective information. These are * grade sure thatthings are paradeed more or less and lawfully. * Processed only for one or more qualify and lawful purpose. * Adequate, germa ne(predicate) and not profuse for those purposes. * Accurate and unploughed up to date data subjects invite the right to waste inaccurate ad hominem data rectify or unmake if the personalised information is inaccurate to whatever matter of fact. * unplowed for no monthlong than is necessary for the purposes it is being processed.* Processed in line with the rights of individuals this includes the right to be apprised of all the information held about them, to keep open processing of their personal information for market purposes, and to compensation if they dejection prove they train been traumad by a data controllers non-compliance with the Act. * Secured against strokeal loss, demolition or damage and against unauthorised or unlawful processing this applies to you even if your ancestry uses a ordinal party to process personal information on your behalf. * non transferred to countries outside the European Economic heavens the EU sum total Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein that do not view tolerable protection for individuals personal information, unless a hold in from Schedule foursome of the Act fuel be met. header 2 Emmas PointerWhen a new house physician is admitted, and so they ask to have a new care intention. The care plan will express all the practice of medicine that they are shortly on. If they have two allergies to everything. All personal clothing and possessions are listed. We list how a good deal money they have, if it is over 20.00 thusce we shell out it to the office for sanctuary reasons. Where it is documenated for the resident.1.2 EmmaWe have to of all time make sure that we respect confidential information and understandably explain to any angency workers about policies relating to confidnentialy to both residents and carers.2. Emmas cursorSmart sheet does not go up to loss 6 When maintaining records, you posit to record residents Medication and any changes to their medicamentDoctors visits o r any other sea captain bodiesContact with the familyevery falls that have occurredBody social functionAny illnesses motif to be recorded workaday notes need to updated how residents have been during the day and also during the night.Emmas pointerQuestion 3Should there be an incident at work then staff need to make sure that they accomplish out the relevant paperwork, i.e. if there was an accident on the premises then they need to fill out the an accident form, if there are any injuries sustatained to a resident then a 24 hour observance chart needfully to be started.

2014 Scholarship Essay Contest Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

2014 Contest - Scholarship Essay ExampleBesides, students at Wayland Baptist University ar also sensitive to multitude from diverse backgrounds. They show respect and integrity by treating people from diverse backgrounds and indeed everyone, with care, kindness and compassion. That way, they be lift trustworthy and dependable for whatever duty they are called to serve because they do it from the bottom of their hearts. Other values that exemplify students at Wayland Baptist University are excellence and innovation. By understanding that every duty is a aid unto the Lord god, students give their best to achieve excellent results. They also commit themselves to make effort to improve the world around them through innovation and research. That way, they come out as responsible members who are sensitive to the people and environment around them. Such values not only enable students to acquire affirmatory attributes required in life, but also enhance their spiritual development.Upon completion of my degree program at Wayland Baptist University, I will use the knowledge and attributes gained to do the following. First, I will use the knowledge and attributes gained to improve the community through being a community watchdog. From wherever disposition of life the Lord God shall grant me, I will use that platform to ensure that justice prevails in the society. That is to imply that I shall not hesitate to rebuke evil and putrescence of human beings in the society. Human beings become corrupt before God when they advance their own self-interests at the expense of others. They oppress the widows and the orphans as well as the weak. They do not give the full measure of what others deserve to get in various bargains of life. As long as I shall be mysterious to such information, I will rebuke such deeds to promote fairness, justice and ethical behaviors.I will also share the positive teachings I have learned at Wayland Baptist University with others in the community so

Portrayal of Modern Women by Contemporary Women's Magazines Research Paper

Portrayal of Modern Women by Contemporary Womens Magazines - Research wallpaper ExampleBecause of the many roles women play, they often seek advise from various sources. One source that they may find consistently reliable be womens magazines because these portray articles set in the modern times, and assumed to promote modern observes. At a time when information is so much easier to acquire from various media sources including television, radio set and the internet, concrete reading materials are still conveniently available and preferred by many readers (Stevens, Maclaran & Catteral, 2007). It would be interesting to explore how contemporary magazines depict women and what priorities they should prevail in life. Although contemporary womens magazines such as Glamour and Cosmopolitan claim to empower modern women to be more assertive and independent in achieving gender equality, the message sent out from their content (emphasis on the importance of womens beauty and their succe ss in relationships) seem to endorse traditional womanhood ideologies, which put women in a role subservient to men in a patriarchal society. Since magazines may have a great influence on how women think, it is crucial to understand the subliminal and overt messages such media format feeds them. The research question that get out be explored in this paper is How are women portrayed in contemporary womens magazines and what messages are conveyed to them? The significance of finding answers to this question will provide enlightenment on how society views women, how women view themselves and how such views guide their value formation, attitude and behaviors. Theoretical Framework This paper is guided by the Sexual Script Theory by Gagnon & Simon (1973) and the Objectification Theory by Frederickson & Roberts (1997). Scripting theory is premised on the concept that individuals have subjective understandings that determine their choices and qualitative experiences. Sexual Script Theory , specifically focus on the subjective understanding of a person about his or her sexuality that determine his or her sexual actions and experiences related to sex. Scripts are cognitive devices used to guide people in their behaviors. Sometimes, such behaviors are self-fulfilling prophecies to support the scripts upheld by the person. For example, if ones sexual script is to be desirable in order to be liked as a person, then that individual will exert all efforts to look attractive and behave in a seductive manner. Similarly, and to more specifically illustrate the Sexual Scripting theory, the Objectification theory explains how females internalize an perceivers view to be the primary view of her physical self. This means that if a woman gets accustomed to being seen as an object of desire, she becomes socialized to work herself as such and behaves accordingly (Frederickson & Roberts, 1997). Vulnerable to judgment of society, women vigilantly monitor themselves with the knowledge that being positively viewed by others means more opportunities. Studies have shown that how a womans body appears to others can determine her life experiences. Physical attractiveness seem to matter more to females than to males. Women deemed unattractive by their co workers are described more negatively and given less regard than comparatively unattractive men (Bar-Tar & Saxe, 1976 Cash, Gillen & Burns, 1977 Wallston & OLeary, 1981). Physical attract

Accident investigation in industries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Accident investigation in industries - Essay Exampleoccupational caoutchouc and health administration (OSHA) department receives a huge budget allocation every year from the government. In a given year, OSHA budget ranges betwixt five hundred to six hundred million dollars.An accident is an unforeseen occurrence that that compromises the progress of present activity causing injury to persons or last of property. An accident can occur without injury but the fact that it had the potential to harm means that damage or injury non caused was a genuine chance. It is possible to avoid accidents if proper workplace procedures are followed. All accidents have a cause to it. In many cases, accidents happen because of human error who perpetrates an serious behaviour or condition. In an organisation, some departments are prone to accidents than others due to different machines or chemicals in use by such departments. Despite stern measures and procedures to curb accidents, such organisati ons still report a considerable number of accidents. On investigating accidents, supervisors try to find blame other than the cause of the accident. This has not helped in curbing of accidents.The first importance of investigating an accident is to find the root cause and avoid a future occurrence of a equivalent incident. Persons tasked to investigate the accident must understand that the exercise is not to find fault or put a finger on someone. Additionally, meaningful pursuit of employees is essential because it will make them provide valuable information to the investigation. Secondly, some accidents lead to injuries making the company to spend money in the treatment of wound workers. An investigation will reveal the cost of the accident through medical bills and other damaged properties. Thirdly, by investigating an accident, a company fulfils legal requirements and safety regulations. The company will understand the extent of its compliance with the laid regulations and pro cedures. Fourthly, it is only

Service Industry Supply Chains Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Service Industry Supply Chains - Assignment ExampleThe researcher states that today, it is not the firms that struggle with each other, but the good supply cooking stove management that behaves the difference. Supply chain management has been regarded as one of the main concerns for companies to achieve betterperformances. The path Industry has been able to makesignificantalterations within its supply chainsystemsas a result of the changing characteristics of the fashion market around the world which requires price benefits by the union and fresh products by the clients. Leading Fashion chains like Zara and Gucci havedevelopedsuccessfulsupply chains, to meet consumer needs in aneffectivemanner. The sedulousness has closely maintained itsfocusthrough the years of uninterrupted improvement and innovation supported strongly by customer needs andsatisfactioncriterion. The Fashion companies focus on providing the market frequently with the latest trends and maintain to change over 7 0% of the products every month. According toLuisBlanc, anInditexDesigner Director, Most of the Fashion Companies root on their clients to understandthat if they like something, they must buy it now, because it will not be in the shops the following week. It is all about creating a climate of scarcity and luck. Every retail business that includes supply chain systems, add value to their product in some form or other. An effective supply chain management is an act of optimizing all actions throughout the supply chain process for the retail businesses, and an efficient management of the supply chain is the key to obtaining higher combative retail business advantages. Supply chain management is all about having the right kind of resources at the right time and supply of the products to the right customers at a limited cost.

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 132

Summary - Essay ExampleThe study is conducted in a single Congress it is the reason why Clinton does not apply it to all states. The results may differ depending on the troupe of the representative and geographic factor. In the opposition of party constituency and geographic constituency, conservative wings tend to care more about party constituency while progressive forces pay more attention to local preferences. opposition between Re humankindans and Democrats results in the fact that policies of the House become more radical than people want them to be. Voters who belong to different parties are expected to have setback points of view on the same issue. It results in radical solutions offered by both of them.Even though it seems that such radicalism negatively influences representative function of the House, all policies assume to be approved by the Senate and the President. This approach mediates differences in party-correlated bearing. The limitations of this study give a clue for further research where the true causes of differences of party correlated behavior are identified and studies.The study by Butler and Nickerson examines how legislators tend to react when they are informed about public opinion. Since their main function is to represent people, they desire to act in line with what people expect from them. At the same time, many legislators remain uninformed and their decisions do not represent the interests of their voters.Butler and Nickerson conducted a survey of New Mexicans regarding 2008 summer session and shared their findings with a randomly-selected half of legislators. Those legislators who were informed about the results of the survey, were more likely to vote in support of public opinion. At the same time, legislators who were in the control group were less likely to guess what people expected from them.This study supports the idea that legislators want to act in line with public opinion however, the authors warn that the informa tion about public

English Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

English Law - Essay ExampleAt the risk of gross oversimplification, one fundament identify the following strategic positions(A) Practitioners In this position are all the people who provide services to individuals and institutions who must orient their behaviour toward the law, providing information closely the likely outcome of relationships, deals and conflicts that are legally regulated.(B) Law Appliers These are the positions officially consecrated for making authoritative interpretations of legal norms in concrete situations. It includes not provided judges unless also arbitrators and administrative officials, among others.(D) Educators Someone has to socialize entrants, bind the field together and encode its structural constraints. While primary socialization is the office of the schools in almost all legal fields, socialization is a continuing process and workplace influences are often as important as educational ones.(E) Moral Regulators Legal professions all have syst ems that police behaviour and ensure conformity of actors These include formal mechanisms like accrediting bodies, disciplinary boards, promulgators of legal ethics as well as workplace influences, informal social networks and the like.(ii) Stakes. ... (iii) Capitals. The players in the legal field deploy various forms of great. These include economic capital, cultural or informational capital (educational credentials, technical knowledge) and social capital (status acquired both outside and inside the field).The main role players in legal professions in England are restrictionristers and solicitors. Academic requirements for qualifications as a barrister now include a degree - though not necessarily a law degree. Traditionally barristers went to the university but commonly studied some number other than law. In recent decades however, and especially since the Second World War, a law degree has increasingly become the normal mode of inlet to the bar. everyplace eighty percent o f those who enter the bar now possess a law degree. Those who do not obtain a law degree must garner one of the limited number of places in one of the courses run by the universities that give instruction for the Common Professional Examination (CPE) - a one year basic law course after the degree course. Limits on student places for those courses are a restriction on entry not controlled by the profession. In 1975, the bar made a degree a prerequisite for entry, except for a special (and tiny) category of mature entrants. This was the first effective entry barrier to the bar. Students must obtain a satisfactory pass in each core subject as well as overall. The vocational course for the practicing bar is run exclusively by the Inns of Court School of Law in London. This course is a prerequisite for practice at the English Bar not only in England, but also as an English barrister in any Member State of the European Community. (Those who intend to qualify as barristers, but not practic e, may select a different

Building Personal and Professional Competency Essay

Building Personal and Professional Competency - Essay suitThe researcher states that he has applied the Concept Mapping (CM) and the combination of CM and Stimulated Recall to help him detect the degree of his own(prenominal) and professional information and subsequently adjust through vocational educations based on the comparison between CM and SR benchmarked against three elements of adequacy content, richness and coherence that help in determining the best personal professional theory to be applied in personal and professional development. As noted by the Maslows theory of needs, self-actualization is key to an individuals life. The researcher has consequently realized that for him to develop a sound personal and professional proficiency, he must spot and appreciate the need to self-actualize. Besides, the author has developed an insight into creative and critical thinking based on his realization the importance of a rational creative thinker in society. The researchers real ization of individualization and individualism has subsequently shaped his ability to work with people and subsequently recognize to appreciate iodins viewpoint. Through his life, the author has been inspired to help people realize the impact of their thoughts, action as well as feeling to the society as a whole. The researcher has stressed to societal individuals within my reach that our actions should be well thought and 3-dimensionally driven. In so doing, the author has realized the persona in him based on the outstanding feature of the problem-solving individual. Professionalism involves working with people inter-dependently, and therefore, building a team through proactively empowering people to know what kind of objectives, values, goals, and policies is an inevitability for personal and professional competency buildup. The researcher has further showcased the outstanding of personal development and communicated such benefits as increased personal control, stress reduction, realistic and creation of clay balance.

Kuwait and US Universities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Kuwait and US Universities - Essay ExampleEducation is funded by the Federal, State and Local governments. Education up to high school is compulsory from the ages of phoebe bird to eighteen. In Kuwait discipline is funded by the government, and has 8-9 years of compulsory schooling for all children, The Kuwait evaluation and certification system is adopted from the British and American curriculum and the government usually hires teachers from these two countries. This has resulted in developing a comprehensive education system that takes the specific requirements of the region into consideration and educates the youth by consultation and their active participation in the education process. The system too strengthens communication and propagation for reform and addresses technical details for the proper implementation of the education system in the context of recent innovations in technology and the social sciences. In the States education is easily available, with school curricula , funding, funding and policy matters being set(p) by the school board which has jurisdiction over all schools in its district, with guidance from state legislatures School districts are separate from other local levelheaded authority, with independent budgets and officials.Decisions for educational and testing standards are made by the state government. ... The government of Kuwait provides scholarships for students who qualify and are accepted by Universities in the West, peculiarly in the United States and Britain. In the United States, the age for compulsory education varies with states, and the requirements for essential education is met by educating children in public state certified schools. In most schools in America, education is carried out at three levels, elementary, middle and high school. In all levels children are divided by age, and the exact dictate of students in different grade levels is different from state to state and area to area. Kuwait has made tremendou s strides in education considering that there was absolutely no formal education available at the beginning of the 20th century. Education consisted of a few religious schools that taught reading the Quran, including some basic writing and arithmetic. Because of revenues from rock oil exports, Kuwait prospered and the government started providing formal education to its citizens. This greatly encouraged education and by 1950 there were more than 65,000 boys and girls studying in many schools. In 1965m future(a) the implementation of a formal constitution for the country, education was considered a basic right for all citizens, and was made compulsory for children between the ages of 6 to 14. The Ministry of Education in Kuwait has prepared a long term education strategy up to the year 2025, to prepare its citizens for life in an increasingly globalised world. The government is also providing training for women to promote female participation in the affairs of the country. In the U nited States there are more than 85 million students enrolled from kindergarten to graduate schools. Amongst them a few million were also studying in private

Three Religious Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Three Religious - Essay ExampleIn fact, there are primal differences in the interpretation and fundamental facts and beliefs of the three religious traditions which make the issue all the more complicated to resolve. To point out an example of the differences in the fundamental beliefs of these religions, the Christian tradition insists that rescuer Christ is the son of God whereas the Jews believe that the son of God is still to arrive. However, there baffle been convincing evidences in the history of the three religious traditions as well as their beliefs and practices which suggest that the Jews, Muslims and Christians all worship the same God. Thus, a clear understanding of the origin and history of the three religious traditions makes it obvious that Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have a common God in the God of Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac and Jacob. Although one may identify fundamental difference in the understanding of the nature of God in these religious traditions, they al l believe ultimately in the same God. The God of Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac and Jacob in Judaism, which is historically the first to commence, is the same God of the Muslims and Christians. The similarity in their conviction in God becomes palpable when one recognizes conspicuous resemblance in the history of Abraham in the three religions.

International Business Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

International Business Strategy - Essay Example30% of the 1100 occasion ventures shaped before 1967 between one of the US steady and the company from the other developed nation did not survive largely due to organisational or strategic changes made by the management (Killing, 1982). The paper attempts to explore some key reasons behind the failure of large IJVs at the same, it will also find the specific success parts of IJVS in emerging economies.Cultural end between partners is considered one of the principal reasons that come in the way to the success of joint ventures. Before forming a joint venture, the companies do not conduct compatibility analysis. almost of the time, their management style differs from each other. One could be more decentralised in its decision making process while the other partner believes in more control and does not provide enough freedom to its line staff. Even after forming a joint venture, no efforts are made to bring about a suitable mix among the staff making the joint venture nonfunctioning. Farkas and Avny (2003) argue, Difference in organizational culture is the reason for performance gaps in joint ventures rather than national culture differences. They also state, The influence of cultural difference on the performance of international joint ventures is indirect, but highly influenced by the take aim of trust between its partners. The researchers studied those joint ventures where one of the partners hailed from Israel. Cultural differences between western multinational enterprises and Japanese companies have also been determined as the factor behind the failures of their joint ventures (Brown et al. 1989).Chryslers merger with Daimler is worth mentioning here that could not evoke successful outcomes due to cultural mismatch between them. The Chrysler division was a economic division prior to merger but its performance deteriorated after the merger. Management undertook several layoffs at Chrysler following the me rger that was never anticipated in the beginning.

Health Care Delivery Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Health Care Delivery Model - Essay useThis essay declares that United States of America have numerous key wellness care models which are based on organization, social life, economy and public health care. Both individuals and the organizations have developed quite a number of perceptions regarding the perspective of issues like health access, the quality itself, availability of health services, and its efficiency too, effectiveness and in conclusion the quality of health services. The health care delivery model is composed of a composition of if respective(a) informal systems which are interchangeable separated into various segments and at the same time, not coordinated at all. This model also focuses on the resources of the four components of health care.This paper makes a conclusion that the computerized clinical brook systems have generally improved decision making process among physicians and doctors themselves for proper patient care. It also provides physicians with patient s information and recommendations through analysis of specific patientsinformation. Therefore distinctive of individuals patients are matched to computerized knowledge base and software algorithms will generate patients specific recommendations.These recommendations can be delivered through electronic medical records for retrieval of patient characteristics. The mastery of implementing electronic decision making technology, however, depends on a greater deal on whether clinicians have a role to play in designing such(prenominal) solutions.

Impact of Underinsured Working Class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Impact of Underinsured Working human body - Essay ExampleAs inexperienced political leaders tried to stimulate industrialization and address poverty, their economic development was largely underwritten by loans from multilateral banks and bilateral support from states. This external development assistance was called upon to material body infrastructure and obtain equipment for vertical programs to combat major diseases, to support health projects, and to provide technical assistance until national staff could be trained to get rid of over. Those funds were available directly, and exclusively, to state governments.IIFor experimental treatment of water supplies, health services research, environmental pesticides, nutritional supplementation of everyday foods, and similar broad-scale interventions, single(a) consent may not be feasible. Entire communities may be randomized to experimental or control status. The decisionto undertake the research essential be made by responsible au thorities on behalf of the community. Attitudes vary among human populations about the treatment of children, women, the handicapped, the elderly, and members of certain ethnic minorities and societal subgroups. The activities of health workers may conflict with locally established attitudes and cultural practices regarding abortion, family planning, the position of women, or a host of other conventions. In such cases the terms of reference of any bilateral agreement must be spelled out in particular detail and the scope of work of specific project activities of workers must be carefully expound and monitored to maintain respect for the ethical precepts of the host country. In extreme situations, official policy or habitual practice results in systematic abuse of groups of hatful ethically unacceptable to health workers who must cancel or terminate their programs. The growth of modern biomedical science has led to increasing pressure for sites for studies such as clinical trials of new pharmaceutical products and vaccines. As these studies and trials are conducted among local populations with varying cultural norms, the question has arisen whether it is ever justifiable to apply different ethical standards to different populations. Approval from research or human subjects review boards of local participating institutions should be obtained if such boards do not exist, their establishment should be encouraged. orchis authorities should sign off on any study, and it would be well to coordinate with local medical societies or similar groups. Impact of Underinsured Working Class 4III.Financial ImpactA. Public money is spent on health interventions of low cost-effectiveness for uninsured and underinsured, such as surgery for most cancers, at the same time that critical and highly cost-effective interventions such as treatment of tuberculosis and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) remain under-funded. In some countries

What is Organizational Psychology Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

What is Organizational Psychology Letter - Essay ExampleOrganizational psychology has been in existence since the precedent century - since factories began their operations. The owners of these factories aimed at gaining profits, and they did not consider the employees interest and well-being. Psychologists used their knowledge in testing employees in different occupations. Between 1924 and 1932, psychologist Harry Landsberger discovered that employees performed better when they felt that someone else was arouse in their work, for instance, supervisors in white coats, who carried clipboards, were an inspiration to employees (Cogniphany, 2008). The study of the history of organizational psychology informs us on how far we have come, and the importance of the previous ideas, which can determine the future of organizational psychology.Organizational psychology brought about change in work, after the First World War, the then industrial psychologists were interested in fatigue and eff iciency, and researched on how to design work that would yield maximum profits (Furnham, 2005, p.62). However, the present organizational psychologists are interested in the well-being of employees, and the nub they have on the organization. In 1960, McGregor differentiated between the assumptions that managers have on employees. Theory X stated that the supervision approach is determined by managers pile on human nature. This theory insists that human beings hate working therefore, they must be controlled or punished for organizational goals to be achieved.Therefore, high levels of control would be exercised by managers who support theory X. whilst theory Y insisted on the application of less control, this theory acknowledges that people view work as a congenital activity, and therefore, they are committed to work if they are motivated with rewards (Furnham, 2005, p.67). The Hawthorne effect indicated that employees respond positively to change in the work

Organization development Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organization development - Case Study ExampleThe Nissan Company was experiencing a number of jobs after 17 years of exportation its vehicles known as Datsun cars to USA. The companies become the top selling import in the market of US. Even though the sporty datsun gained popularity due to its reputation as the crowning(prenominal) thrill machine, there were a number of management missteps that led to long-lasting decline of the community from 1980. First there was the change of brand name from Nissan to Datsun which was not popular. Secondly, there was little infusion of innovative in their popular car Z. This led to its decline in popularity hence few people went for it. In appendage to its already faced problems, there was even more trouble as Nissan was unable to establish flexible relationships with its suppliers.It was also recorded that, their parts were extremely high-ticket(prenominal) as ranged from 15 to 20% above domestic competitors. This was obviously the decision o f management to set prices high but as it was found out it was a wrong strategy as it led to a decline in sales (Covey 28).Nissan also faced competition that was unfavorable from Honda that led to Nissan having an expense of gibibyte$. This was a discount offered to consumers who purchased their vehicles. All these challenges forced Nissan to restructure their plans but were not successful since they faced powerful trade unions which were against the layoff of workers.Renault was another company which was facing problems for voice in the year 1984 it experienced a loss of $2.4 billion. Among the reasons was how managers or heads of departments turned the separated silos into baronies that made it hard for cross functionality to take place in the company. The company also had embraced a narrow minded culture whose basis of thinking was one that was at the expense of a view that was larger.Renault was also experiencing a problem of additional unnecessary expenses through the operati on of some of its plants.

Education in Saudi Arabia and the United States of America Essay Example for Free

Education in Saudi Arabia and the United States of America EssayEducation continues to be the antecedency of all nations around the world. Countries devote vast resources to ensure equal opportunity to study for their people. In return, the educated seg manpowert of the population bring abouts the wealth of these nations and will much likely meet the social and economic demands of the country. The teaching methodal systems are continuously buzz offed to meet not just the local but also the orbicular demands and challenges. It is more appropriate to look at the disparity on the instruction sector of atomic number 53 country to another in order to determine what necessitate to be improved and developed in ones preceptal system. This paper aims to give up an assessment on the similarities and differences of education in two countries, Saudi Arabia and the United States of America (USA). The education in Saudi Arabia and the USA are similar in terms of government spending on education, freedom to get the indoctrinate where they will attend to, and education for people with special needs, while differ in terms of attitude towards education, literacy rate, religion in school, gender roles, equalisation scales, and stages of education. Both the Saudi Arabia and USA government spend immense resources on the education sector.The Saudi Arabia governments increased awareness on the brilliance of education to its people paved way to its provision of bountiful support to education. Like the USA government, the Saudi Arabia government finance general education for many(prenominal) boys and girls. It also provides free post-secondary education and offers financial help to students. At cases, meals, books, and transportation are subsidized. In the same way, the USA government offers free general and post-secondary education for all financed by the government. In both countries, students are also allowed to choose what school they will attend to.They have t he options to enroll in public, private, or cornerstone school. Most of the parents prefer to send their children in public school practically because they are much free from burden. There were also those who prefer private schools view that these schools might provide better, quality education to their children especially for those seeking a competitive edge in college admission. A few considers home schooling go around for their children for reasons that they can effectively tailor a curriculum that would best suit their childrens academic strengths and weaknesses, especially those with disabilities.Aside from home schooling, those with disabilities may be displace to schools which will cater to their needs like schools for the blind, deaf, physically and mentally handicapped, among others (Education, 2005). The Saudi Arabia and USA governments have put on these schools to encourage individuals to their full potential and dole out social and emotional experiences with their p eers having the same conditions as themselves. The curricula in the special classes disposed to the students were tailored fit to their needs.For instance, the educational programs apt(p) to the blind and deaf individuals were different. For sure, blind students were legal opinion of using Braille while deaf students do not. One variation the Saudi Arabia and the USA government have is the attitude towards education. In the USA, school attending is mandatory and nearly universal at primary and secondary levels. School districts meet to discuss school curricula, funding, teaching, and other policies to further improve the education in the state. On the other hand, in Saudi Arabia, the government does not impose mandatory attendance in school.Although, it is encouraged that the free primary and secondary education are availed since education is given free and open to every citizen. The literacy rate for the two countries presented, are varied. The USA literacy rate is estimated at 99% for both men and women, whereas, literacy rate in Saudi Arabia is estimated at only 84. 7% for men and 70. 8% for women (Literacy, 2007). The Saudi Arabia government recognizes the importance of literacy in propelling the economy hence, one of its objectives for the education sector is to eradicate illiteracy especially among adults and girls through several literacy programs.In the USA, despite the high literacy rate, the government is continually implementing programs to further develop the education sector. Religion is the main core of education in Saudi Arabia. The curricula developed conform to the Shariah (Islamic holy law) and the Quran. Men were trained of Islamic education to become members of religious clergy. They provide religious secondary education with focus primarily on Islamic and Arabic studies, although, the curriculum also includes general education. The schools which administer these were imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University and the Islamic University of Medinah (Sedgwick, 2001).On the contrary, education in the USA is not focused on religion but there are some schools which may offer religion subjects that are not quite extensive as religion studies in Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, education is discriminate by sex. Education for boys is different from education for girls. Education is divided into three separately administered systems general education for boys, education for girls and traditional Islamic education for boys (Sedgwick, 2001). However, in the recent years, education for girls was continuously being developed to meet the growing demands of the country.Unlike in the USA, education is offered to both sexes, giving them equal opportunity to study. The educational programs that were developed cater to both sexes. Grading scales were prepared to gauge the students performance on school. Grading scales in the USA and Saudi Arabia differ. In the USA, marks were given on the scale of A to F. In the criterion-referenced s ystem, the equivalent grades of these to 0 to 100 percentile are as follows A=95-100 or 90-100, B=85-95 or 80-90, C=75-85 or 70-80, D=65-75 or 60-70, and F is given to marks below 65 or 60.There is also the norm-referenced system where marks are given as follows A=top 10% of the class, B=next 20% of the class, C=next 30% of the class, D=next 20% of the class, and bottom 20% of the class (Grading systems, n. d). On the contrary, the grading scale in Saudi Arabia was given as follows 5=90-100, 4=80-89, 3=70-79, 2=60-69, and 1=0-59 (Sedgwick, 2001). The stages of education in both countries also vary. Education in Saudi Arabia starts with primary, followed by secondary, and higher education. Primary education is for ages 6 to 12. An intermediate education, which is part of primary education, is carried out for ages 12 to 15.Secondary education is divided into three general, religious, and technical. These are taken by ages 15 to 18. The higher education is also divided into three stage s the baccaloreus (bachelors degree-4 years), darajat al majisteer (masters degree 2years), and doctoorah (doctorate minimum of 3 years) (Sedgwick, 2001). On the other hand, education in the USA is composed of these stages preschool (1 or 2 yrs), elementary/middle/high school (12 yrs), associate, bachelors, masters, and doctorate degrees (Structure General Information, n. . ).The differences in education in both countries mainly lie on their history, culture, social and economic conditions, whereas, the similarities were bought about by their desire to provide accessible, quality education free and open to all. Education stimulates the people to contribute to its country in addressing the increasing local and global demands. This motivates the countries to improve and further develop its educational system.

Thought and Reflection Grading Criteria Essay Example for Free

Thought and Reflection Grading Criteria EssayThe assignment will be graded according to the following criteria1) Clarity The intent of the writer is clear.2) Logic The answer makes sense.3) Answers question The questions are addressed fully.4) Mechanics Answers contain proper punctuation mark and grammar.How do individuals acquire and develop language? How do you personally communicate your thoughts and how did you learn to do that? Individuals acquire and develop language by dint of our brain function. viva and auditory helps communicate verbal signals whether it be grunting and crying from a baby when their hungry. The auditory part of this allows us to speak and listen. We also develop language through physical and verbal using facial expressions, eye contact along with various other forms to communicate through language. I communicate my thoughts through speaking, facial gestures and listening. I learned this mostly from home environment, school, media, and peers.Based on your own experiences, what are some symbols (e.g., allowters of the alphabet) people use to communicate? Based on my own experience I have learned that lol meaning laughing out loud. I learned this from my god-daughter just over the summer. OMG is short termination for Oh MY Gosh. This is a term I learned on Facebook. I learned bff means best friends forever all the new reality shows use this to let the media know friendship status among Hollywood stars. The different terms and meanings really show me how media and communication has changed along with technology.Explain how you think these symbols are related to censorious thinking? These symbols are related to critical thinking in a lot of ways because you have to think before using. Example Timing- when using the symbols higher up you can non use them anywhere any time. When being interviewed and the question asked is how did you find our company? The information came from your bestfriend you cannot answers my bff. If respondi ng to your previous professor in an email you would not use any of the mentioned abbreviations to answer further questions. When using these terms you have to consider when, how, tone of using.

Understand the Effects of Sport in the Development of Children Essay Example for Free

Understand the Effects of Sport in the Development of Children EssaySocial effectChildren who regular play athletic competition mother showed differences compared with those who dont. There are many social factors but I have highlighted the main ones. These social factors base be used later in behavior maybe to have view for work colleagues.Learning respect for othersWhen participating in local cavorts teams children tend to have respect for their team mates, but also their opponents. Due to the sex difference during school boys tend to be outside whereas girls play indoors. Because of boy playing sport outside they tend to learn finishing setting, independent roles, techniques to improve performance and settle dispute. Whereas girls tend to aid better and have good patience.Development of coping abilityWhen children play matches or games there are only one winning team but there is also a losing team. When losing the children will have to cope with disappointment and have respect for teamwork and the opposing team. When winning it will teach the children to have respect for the opposing side.Improved cooperation skillsA successful team will need to cooperate to do well in a competition, so when children play in a competition in a team sport the performers will need to cooperate with each other, when older they can cooperate with people and consider other peoples feelings and views.Improved emotional wellbeingParticipating in regular sports can drop stress, it has been shown that boy and girls who play for teams have shown a greater ability to relax and avoid headache and back pains to those who dont play regular sports.Psychological effectsPlaying sport at an early age can have psychological effects which include an increase of motor skills, development of a horse sense of success and mishap, these all can be used later in life.Increase range of motor skillsCoaches and family encourage their children to play a range of sport because regular p articipation in sports improves hand eye coordination, coordination and balance. This representation they will be good at a range of sports and when they grow up they can use these motor skills to understand tasks.Greater confidence and self esteemChildren who participate in sport tend to more confident in their abilitys compared to those who dont. This means they will be comfortable in social situations and when a challenge comes across they will find a solution.Developed sense of success and failureAs a regular participant in sport you will have to face success and failure when losing you will need to accept your firing and look where you went wrong, when winning you will need to have respect for your opponent.Increased motivationChildren play sport for many reasons they can include pride, challenge of competition, appetite and determination to succeed. These reasons will make children determined and motivated to succeed in their sport.Physiological effectsPhysiological effects can include a build of factors which include improved general health and improved fitness.Improved general healthSports serve as an excellent physical exercise. Those who play sports have a more positive body image than those who do not. Playing sports often involves physical activities like running, jumping and stretching and moreover a constructive intake of energy. Playing sports since an early age strengthens the bones and muscles and tones ones body. Thus sports provide the body with a complete exercise.Improved fitnessAfter all, nearly every sport involves some kind of physical exercise, which is one of the key components of a healthy lifestyle. While a single sport can still do wonders for your body, by participating in a variety of them, you can work different muscles. For example, while football is more about strength, rugby involves more speed.

Factors that Influence Police Discretion

Factors that Influence Police Discretion1) What is discretion? Name and describe the factors that may ordertle an individual officers discretion in qualification decisions involving a criminal suspect. (6 pts)Discretion is the exercise of choice by law enforcement officers in the decision to investigate or apprehend the disposition of suspects, the carrying out of decreed duties, and the application of sanctions. The cops drop the power to decide whether to act depending on the judgment they feel they must make. In some situations certain people ar non handled as strictly as others (an example would be if someone was to get pulled over for speeding and they get a ticket for something else). Studies of police discretion have found that a number of factors influence the discretionary decisions of the individual officers1. The Background of the officers Law enforcement officers bring to the job all their previous life experiences. Family values much(prenominal) as socializatio n through the family as well as attitudes that influence the decision of the officer. If an officer has learned prejudice against certain ethnic groups for example, this is in all probability to influence the decision an officer will make.2. Characteristics of the suspect Demeanor, style of dress and grooming may influence police discretion. Poorly groomed suspects can expect less(prenominal) respectful treatment. Some officers treat men and woman differently. Very rarely will an officer arrest a woman. Another characteristic would be the in the flesh(predicate) style of the individual or group. Examples would be bikers attire or people with outlandish haircuts are more likely to be arrested than someone with a professional haircut.3. Department Policy- This is not entirely subject to control by official policy, but can influence it. If a department has targeted certain kinds of offenses or if supervisors adhere to strict enforcement guidelines and closely monitor dispatches and other communications, the discretionary release of suspects will be quite rare.4. Community Interest- Public attitudes toward certain crimes will growth the likelihood of arrest for hazard offenders. Contemporary attitudes toward crimes involving children- including sex abuse, sale of drugs to minors, domestic violence involving children and child pornography- have all lead to increased and strict enforcement of laws. erstwhile the community has voiced its concern over the problem, the police respond with a series of highly effective arrests. The departments that require a police officer to give way in the state that he/she patrols make them more aware of the effects of crime on the community and they respond better than a person who doesnt consist in their district.5. Pressure from Victims- When victims refuse to file a complaint are usually associated with certain crimes such as spousal abuse. When victims refuse to cooperate with the police, thither is often little that can be done. On the other hand, some victims are local in insisting in the victimization and can slow be dealt with. Victim-assistance groups have sought to keep pressure on police departments and individual instigators to ensure the arrest and prosecution of suspects.6. Disagreement with the law- Some laws lack an less-traveled consensus. Some of the laws that deal with victimless offenses are gambling, homointimateity, lesbianism, prostitution and drug use. Some laws are not even in certain jurisdictions. Unpopular laws are not likely to bring much attention from law enforcement officers. If an arrest were to occur, it could be because an officer digs deeper into his/her investigation and reveals something more serious about the crime.2) Name and describe the four historical eras of policing as discussed in the book. (4 pts)The four historical eras (epochs), are distinguishable by the relative dominance of a particular orgasm to police operations. They are the political era, refo rm era, the community policing era, and the homeland security era.1. Political sequence The first period, the political era, was characterized by close ties between police and humankind officials. It began in 1840 and ended around 1930s. Throughout the period, American police agencies tended to serve the interest of powerful politicians first, and providing public- pose services almost as an afterthought.2. Reform Era- The second period, the reform ear, began in the 1930s and lasted until the 1970s. It was characterized by pride in professional crime fighting. Police departments focused more on solving traditional crimes, such as murder, rape, burglary, and cerebrate on capturing offenders.3. The Community Policing Era The third period, and the one that characterizes much of policing in America today, is the community policing era. This era started in the 1970s and is in time present today. This was an approach to policing that stresses the service role of police officers and envisions a partnership between police agencies and their communities. Agencies focused on the service role of police officers.4. Policing to Secure the Homeland Era The fourth period, policing to secure the homeland era, is quite new and continues to evolve. This era grew with national concerns with terrorism prevention born of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. In this era agencies focused on causes of crime outside of the immediate community (country).3) What are the dangers of police work? What can be done to reduce those dangers? (5 pts)Some dangers of police work implicate violence in the line of duty, risk of disease and infected demonstrate, and stress and fatigue among police officers.1. Violence in the line of duty In 2007, 188 American law enforcement officers were killed in the line of duty. These officers were kind-hearted, and laid back, and well liked in the community.2. Risk of disease and infected evidence -Routine criminal and accident investigations hold the strength for infection through transmission of evidence.3. Stress and fatigue among police officers Traumatic events, like hurricanes, terrorist attacks, and violent confrontations are instantly stressful. These can affect police officers languish term.Diet and exercise can decrease stress and fatigue, along with getting more sleep and taking care of their body.4) What ethnic and gender differences characterize policing today? What is the social significance of this variety show? (5 pts)Today many departments have dramatically increased their complement of officers from unrepresented groups. There are not as many African American officers or other ethnic officers compared to white (Caucasian) officers in the field. Although ethnic minorities are now employed in policing in significant numbers, women are still significantly underrepresented. The 2001 Status of woman in policing survey conducted that woman fill only 12.7% of all sworn law enforcement positions nationwide The social significance of this diversity is that woman and African Americans and other ethnic groups will actually benefit the policing departments making them better, well-rounded officers, it would help the discrimination of particular ethnic or sexual groups.5) Be able to explain the ruling of each of the following cases and what area of policing the ruling affect (ex search and seizure, arrest, interrogation, etc) (10 pts)A) Mapp v. Ohio (1961)b) Aguilar v. TX (1964)c) Escobedo v. IL (1964)d) Miranda v. AZ (1966)e) Harris v. US (1968)f) Weeks v. US (1914)g) US v. Leon (1984)h) US v. Borchardt (1987)i) Kyllo v. US (2001)j) US v. Grubbs (2006)A. Mapp V. Ohio (1961) This case was decided to change the face of American law enforcement forever, made the exclusionary rule applicable to criminal prosecutions at the identical level beginning with the now- famous Mapp case the Warren Court charted a course that would guarantee nationwide recognition of individual rights as it underst ood them, by agencies at all levels of the criminal justice system.(The area of policing the ruling affected Search and Seizure)B. Aguilar V. TX (1964) -The case of paid informants. The case of Aguilar v. Texas clarified the use of informants and established a two-pronged test. The US court ruled that informant information could establish probable cause if both of the following criteria are met. 1. The source of the informants information is made clear, and 2. The police officer has a reasonable belief that the informant is reliable. The two-pronged test was intended to prevent the issuance of warrants on the basis of false or fabricated info. (Schmallenger, Frank, 2010).(The area of policing the ruling affected Search and Seizure)C. Escobedo v. IL (1964) -In the case of Escobedo vs. Illinois, the right to have legal counsel present during police interrogation was recognized.(The area of policing the ruling affected Interrogation)D. Miranda v AZ (1966) -This case established the wel l-known Miranda Warnings. In this case involving Enesto Miranda, who was arrested in Phoenix, Arizona, and was accused of having kidnapped and raped a woman.(The area of policing the ruling affected Interrogation)E. Harris v US (1968) Police officers have the opportunity to begin investigations or to confiscate evidence, without a warrant based on what they find in plain-view and open to public inspection. The plan-view doctrine was succinctly stated in the US Supreme court case of Harris v. US.(The area of policing the ruling affected Search and Seizure)F. Weeks v US (1914) Freemont Weeks was suspected of using US mail to sell lottery tickets, which is a federal crime. Weeks was arrested and feral agents went into his home to conduct a search. They had no search warrant. They confiscated many items for evidence as well as the suspects personal possessions, including clothes, books, papers, and even candy.(The area of policing the ruling affected Search and Seizure)G. US v Leon (1 984) In the 1984 case of US v Leon, the court recognized what has come to be called the good-faith exception to the exclusionary rule.(The area of policing the ruling affected Search and Seizure)H. US v Borchardt (1987) The case of Us v. Borchardt, decided by the 5th circuit court of Appeals, held that Ira Eugene Borchardt could be prosecuted for heroin uncovered during medical treatment, even though the defendant had objected to the treatment. Because of this case guidelines for conducting emergency warrantless searches of individuals came into effect, and in order to use evidence against an offender in a warrantless search certain criteria has to be met.(The area of policing the ruling affected Arrest)I. Kyllo v Us (2001) This case set the standard on how technology can be used to the police based on the results of a warrantless search conducted by officers using a thermal-imaging stratagem to detect if his housing was giving off more heat than the other houses, investigators applied for a search warrant for Kyllos home.(The area of policing the ruling affected Arrest)J. US v Grubbs (2006) -The constitutionality of Anticipatory warrants was affirmed in 2006, in the US Supreme court Case of US v. Grubbs.