The Blossoming Garden Centre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The Blossoming Garden Centre - Essay Example According to Mr. Gordon Rose, there should be a positive attitude always towards the customers, as they bring business to the concern. Thus, there should be no failure in the skills used for effective customer service. Customer satisfaction is the main area of interest for this concern. Blossoming Garden Centre case study deals mainly with the training of the staffs which could meet the requirements of the employee legislation, product knowledge as well as sufficient acquaintance to meet the instant needs of the customers which would improve the business and assist in attaining competitive advantages. Â  Considering these facts, the paper intends to summarise the system of providing training to the employees in Blossoming Garden Centre with the assistance of Learning and Development approach. Through the discussion, the paper will also focus on suggesting a systematic process in order to implement the approach with due significance to the Kolb’s Learning Cycle model. Â  Blossoming Garden Centre is located on the borderline of Lily Rose town where the populace is mostly employed. The booming industries in that region are tourism and entertainment is focussed on recreational services. The organization uses the approach of Learning and Development as an activity, to enhance the skills and behavioral changes of employees. The Learning and Development process involves three most important phases which are, developing the skills of the individual employees, refining the staffs of the organization and to offer expert training which will facilitate both organization and individual improvement. Â  

Classical Managment Essay Example for Free

Classical Managment Essay Historical Foundations of management have been around for years and were first introduced by Fayol around the turn of the century . This essay will discuss three main points and questions around management, the first question will cover how modern management practices have evolved from the â€Å"classical approaches to management†. The second question will cover the challenges contemporary managers face in 2013 compared to managers in the era of the classical approaches and the third question will be around comparing and contrasting bureaucratic management to a style of management I have been faced with. This discussion will pay particular attention to Frederick Taylor’s scientific approach to management. How Modern Management Practices have evolved from the â€Å"Classical Approaches to Management†? The classical management approaches focus on developing universal principles for use in various management situations. There are 3 three major theories within the classical approaches. Scientific management, administrative principles and Bureaucratic organisations and these theories are still widely used in management today. Modern management approaches focus on the systems view of organisations and contingency thinking in a dynamic and complex environment. The modern management approaches to management grew directly from foundations established by the classical approaches. It has been proven in today’s working world you need to have a mix of the classical approaches and the modern management approaches to succeed in today’s environment. According to McDonalds case study the restaurants operate on classical management theory – there are elements of â€Å"scientific management from a former era (to maintain efficiency), as well as up-to-the minute human relations approaches to maintain the motivation of the â€Å"crew†. . Challenges contemporary mangers face in 2013 compared to mangers in the era of Classical approaches. A contemporary business environment refers to management trends in the 21st century – the year 2000 to now. . Globalisation plays a missive part in the changing challenges for contemporary mangers. Most companies move into international markets and by moving into different international markets there are different rules and regulations that need to be learned when doing business. It was Cited in that it is important for global organisations to employ people from other cultures who understand the customs and traditions of other countries and to deal appropriately with customers. This then brings different beliefs and cultural beliefs into the work place and contemporary mangers need to understand the needs of their employees. In today’s working environment multiculitlism is a growing factor and plays a big part in contemporary mangers needing to adapt to different management styles to help create the rights at work for its people, for example if your religion requires you to pray at certain times of the day, a manger would need to respect these religious beliefs and allow you to do so, back in the time if the classical era this would have not even been considered. It wasn’t until 1920s; an emphasis on the human side in the workplace began to establish its influence on management thinking . It was also cited in people are interacting with others who are different from themselves with biological, political, religious or cultural differences. This causes for the contemporary mangers to learn and adapted to new skills. If we look at the evolution of management practices over a period of time off from the era to now. It has changed dramatically and there are more practices to consider and adapt as a contemporary manger. Referring below outlines the evolution of management practices from the era to now and how much more a contemporary manger needs to consider then a manger in the era had to. Evolution of management practices Period /YearClassical Approaches 1890 Systemic Management 1900Bureaucratic Management 1920Administrative Management 1930Human Relations 1940Behavioural perspective Contemporary Approaches 1940Quantitative Management 1950Organisational Behaviour 1960System Theory 1970Contingency Theory 1990Total Quality Management 1990Learning Organisation 2000Business Reengineering CurrentStrategic Management Diversify in the workplace has also grown from the 1890’s to now. The amount of women workers in the work place has doubled over time; women in particular needs are diifernm It was cited in the journal article that Daft and Samson (2009) argued that rganisations are encountering new challenges to deal with diversity as more women and people from minority backgrounds are entering the workforce in the contemporary business environment PART B (some personal reflections) Scientific Management compared and contrast with current management style of what I have been faced with. Fredrick W. Taylor published the Scientific management emphasises careful selection and training of workers, and supervisory support. It has four guiding action principles: 1. if you check your presentation guidelines on page 7 of the Subject Outline and the extra information provided in Resources folder under Assignment Help in MGT100 Interact site you will see that subheadings are quite appropriate in business assessments. You could set you work out with meaningful headings to help guide the reader through your discussion. For example,  · INTRODUCTION (introducing both parts of the discussion)  · PART A (optional heading) SUBHEADING 1 SUBHEADING 2 SUBHEADING 3  · PART B (optional heading) SUBHEADING 4 (e.g. some personal reflections . . )  · CONCLUSION (concluding both parts of the discussion)  · REFERENCES If your writing is very clear then it may not be necessary to include the Part A B headings. Your primary responsibility is to make sure that your essay is clear and understandable to the reader. The best way to ensure this is to get someone else to read your work (preferably not a business student) before you submit. Question 2: I chose option two for the essay, Historical Foundations to Management. When considering ‘classical approaches to management’ is it suggestible that I mention (or cover) all theories, or just a select few which represent a cross section of the range of classical theories? Or, should I focus on only one or two theories? Suggestion: When in doubt put yourself in the reader’s position. The question asks about ‘classical approaches’, think about what you would want to know if you were reading a response to this question from a position of little or no knowledge of management theory. Also think about how many words you have available. That is, the more theories you include the less adequately they will be explained. It’s up to you to work out the balance between scope and detail. You can get away with most things if you explain to the reader in either the Introduction or very early on what your intended scope is (e.g ‘This discussion will pay particular attention to Fayol’s fourteen principles and Taylor’s four principles of management . . . etc). Then the reader doesnt get disappointed to find his or her favourite theory has been omitted. This is what I think I would be silently asking myself:  · What is meant by a ‘classical approach’? and by implication . . .  · How is a ‘classical approach’ different to other approaches?  · How is the writer (you) going to make his case that classical approaches are still/not relevant today? Asking these questions would lead you to the sort of answers you are looking for with regard to ‘required theoretical content’:  · You really need to mention at least briefly the three big names of Taylor, Fayol, and Weber  · You really need to give a nod to the other big approaches such as quantitative, HRM, contemporary  · This is your choice and will be determined by personal interest, the sorts of case examples you use and word limits. You need to include enough material to be convincing. You won’t have to look very far with any of those big names to make a case. I imagine you will only have space for about 2 specific theories Carroll, S. J Gillen D. J. (1984). The Classical Management Functions: Are They Really Outdated? P132-136. doi:10.5465/AMBPP.1984.4978715 Ambang, T, (2009). Challenges of contemporary management in Papua New Guinea, 10(2), p1-16.

The Tragedy of Emma Bovary :: essays research papers fc

The Tragedy of Emma Bovary "I've never been so happy!" Emma squealed as she stood before the mirror. " Let's go out on the town. I want to see Chorus and the Guggenhiem and this Jack Nicholson character you are always talking about." Emma Bovary in Woody Allen's The Kugelmass Episode. As I sit here pondering the life of Emma Bovary I wonder what it must have really been like for her. She was young, younger than I am now when she died. She was curious and bright and probably would have been a great college student; passionate but with her head a little bit in the clouds. Opportunities for women in the 1850's were, as we all know, extremely limited. I wonder if I would have fared much better than Emma if I had been as trapped as her. I also married young, but when I realized it had been a mistake I had the option of a divorce, Emma did not. I have had the opportunity to receive a good education and to choose for myself what path my life would take. I feel very sorry for Emma. Having never been given the opportunity to discover her true self or to develop her dreams and hopes for her future, all she had to base her aspirations on were trashy romance novels. I cannot imagine what my life would be like if all of my teenage curiosity had been forced to be satisfied by nothing but Danielle Steel romance novels. Emma strove to better herself and her situation. She wanted to reach the upper echelon of society; she wanted what we in this country refer to as the "american dream." She wanted more than her parents had. Emma wanted to feel great love and own nice things and live in a wonderful city. These are not things that are alien to most of us. Although it may be amusing to read Woody Allen's‘ #' 0*((a a ‘ take on what Emma Bovary might be like if she went to modern day New York, it must also be realized that he is not completely mistaken in his ideas of her character. In a very humorous manner, Woody Allen is able to sum up Emma's lust for life and her desire to experience and learn new things; to actually go out and live. Perhaps a trip such as the one described in Mr. Allen's short story would have been the thing to save Emma Bovary, although I doubt she would have ever wanted to go back to Yonville as she does in Allen's story.

Plato And Love -- :: essays research papers

Preservation of Biodiversity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Human beings have inhabited Earth for just a blink of an eye. Almost any ecosystem can provide resources valuable to humans. “However, recent reports show that approximately 40 percent of the earth’s land surface has been altered by humanity'; (Becher). These altered surfaces have provided communities for humans, but the process has destroyed many native species and ecosystems. Global biodiversity is currently in danger. Estimates vary in how fast a species becomes extinct, from “one species per day to one species per hour'; (Howes). In ancient times, geological activities and natural catastrophes would cause the extinction of species. But today, humans cause extinction through the manipulation of land use, pollution and etc. There are many reasons to preserve biodiversity such as medical advances, contributions to their ecosystem and much more. The primary arguments for preserving global biodiversity can be separated into two categories, human m otives and natural existence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  “Preserving a diversity of life on Earth has come to be an accepted goal for many people'; (Botkin/Keller). Four distinct categories why humans desire to preserve biodiversity are recreational, religious, aesthetic/emotive, and economic/intellectual reasons.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many reasons for preserving biodiversity because of recreation. Children love the sight of exotic animals and other species. The most accommodating site to view a wide variety of species is a zoo and other similar sites. These sites provide jobs and enjoyment for people of all ages. Recreation also means the poaching of animals whether or not they are rare.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The second reason to preserve biodiversity due to human motives is religion. Preserving a species for religious purposes can be taken two ways. An animal, insect or etc. can be worshipped (i.e. scarab beetles and cats in the days of ancient Egypt) or preserved because a higher being created its existence. Human beings are not all- knowing and all-powerful. Decimating a species should not be our choice, but our actions provide this result daily.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The next reasons are aesthetic and emotive. These can be described by the positive sensations humans see and feel when viewing a living organism. A dollar amount cannot be placed upon these sensations. Beauty of an organism is not always based upon the same standards. Some people may find trees beautiful to view while others may find them taking up needless space. Current generations of species must be preserved so the future generations of children may enjoy what we enjoy today.

Client Server Architecture

In Computer science client-server is a software architecture model consisting of two parts, client systems and server systems, both communicate over computer network or on the same computer. A client-server application is a distributed system consisting of both client and server software. The clientà ¨les always initiates a connection to the server, while the server process always waits for requests from any client. When both the client process and server process are running on the same computer, this is called a single seat setup.Another type of related software architecture is known as peer-to-peer, because each host or application instance can simultaneously act as both a client and a server (unlike centralized servers of the client-server model) and because each has equivalent responsibilities and status. Peer-to-peer architectures are often abbreviated using the acronym POP. The client-server relationship describes the relation between the client and how it makes a service req uest from the server, and how the server can accept these requests, process them, and return the requested information to the linen.The interaction between client and server is often described consequence diagrams. Sequence diagrams are standardized in the Unified Modeling Language. Both client-server and POP architectures are in wide usage today. The basic type of client-server architecture employs only two types of hosts: clients and servers. This type of architecture is sometimes referred to stow-tier. The two-tier architecture meaner that the client acts as one tier and server process acts as the other tier. The client-server architecture has become one of the basic models of network imputing.Many types of applications have being written using the client- server model. Standard networked functions such as E-mail exchange, web access and database access, are based on the client-server model. For example, a web browser is a client program at the user computer that may access infor mation at any web server in the world. Contents [hide] * 1 Clients characteristics * 2 Server characteristics * 3 Advantages * 4 Disadvantages * 5 Examples * 6 Other pages Clients characteristics[change] * Always initiates requests to servers. Waits for replies. * Receives replies. * Usually connects too small number of servers at one time. Usually interacts directly with end-users using any user interface such as graphical user interface. Server characteristics[change] * Always wait for a request from one of the clients. * Serve clients requests then replies with requested data to the clients. * A server may communicate with other servers in order to serve a client request. Advantages[change] * In most cases, a client-server architecture enables the roles and responsibilities f a computing system to be distributed among several independent computers that are known to each other only through a network, so one of advantages of this model is greater ease of maintenance.For example, it is possible to replace, repair, upgrade, or even relocate a server while its clients remain both unaware and unaffected by that change. This independence from change is also referred to as encapsulation. * All the data is stored on the servers, which generally have better security controls than most clients. Servers can better control access and resources, to guarantee that only those clients with the appropriate permissions may access and change data. Since data storage is centralized, updates to that data are much easier to administrators than what would be possible under a POP architecture. Under a POP architecture, data updates may need to be distributed and applied to each â€Å"peer† in the network, which is both time-consuming and error-prone, as there can be thousands or even millions of peers. * Many advanced client- server technologies are already available which were designed to ensure security, user friendly interfaces, and ease of use. Client Server Architecture The term originally referred to the large cabinets that housed the central processing unit and main memory of early computers but as of today those cabinets are no longer cabinets but then powerful I high-end commercial machines which also are used in client server networking as servers and this has overshadowed most of the disadvantages of the old traditional mainframes that led to the many problems as like those faced by Hares company.The disadvantages of the way Mainframes were used in the Good old days is that there was no flexibility as mix and matching was not accommodated but they only revered so-called dumb terminals on the users' desktops meaning you had to be wired to the mainframe to access data, also software platforms were specific and maintenance and system management were costly as every component of the system needed to be maintained. Like any other company would have done to keep up with keep up with growing business demands, Hares implemented its first information s ystem in 1987 purchasing a mainframe computer.But then because of the revolution from the Good Old Days as explained above to the client [server they probably faces all the disadvantages pertaining to flexibility, maintenance and yester management, and it was difficult for them to connect with the outside world and so they had to also change their system to Client/Server . With Client Server advantages of flexibility gives a greater solution space than that which single computer models can achieve. Another advantage is the Openness as number of different platforms can be used in a network; all that is needed is some common protocol for them to communicate.Openness also lives the freedom of choice the implementation at any of the ends It is also reliable and this can be accomplished by production of the same programs and data around a network; this meaner that when en server breaks down another takes over. Servers also can be created specifically for a certain service. Client/server computing is also Scalable as more servers can be added to a network depending on the increase of application demand in though the increase in power is not linear I. E number of servers. And this is what Hares Company is faces in the present proving that also there present problems are not unique as well.The solution to this problem on the other hand is to increase hardware capabilities of the server and desktops. Another problem Hares faces is u to the configuring applications into client-server modules and in modifying the configuration in response to user feedback and this problem is Common in organizations using traditional (2-tier) client server in their business. 2. Suggest alternative architectures that could be used to overcome the problems faced by Hares' current Client/Server technology An alternative Architecture that can over comer problems faced by current Client/ Server is the Three- tier model and N-tier model architectures.Three-tier architecture meets the requiremen ts of large scale Internet and intranet client/server applications. It is more scalable, robust and flexible and can integrate data from multiple sources. This can solve the problem the company is facing of difficulty in configuring applications into client-server modules and in modifying the configuration in response to user feedback as the scalability is wider and the multiple sources of were data can be integrated make it easily possible for user feedback. Three-tier model is also easier to manage and deploy on the network as most of the code runs on the servers.Network interchange between applications is also minimized as abstract levels of service are created were instead of interacting erectly with the client calls business logic on the server. It is the business logic that accesses the database on behalf of the client. Three- tier as compared to tier 2 being used by Hares is less complex but can be centrally managed on the sever as application programs are made visible to sta ndard system management. Security is also high, performance is Better and application reuse is excellent. N tier client server architecture is wider than the 3 tier though the 3 tier can also be considered as an N tier.The N tier has no limits and is able to the growing in number of applications that have spilled over in to the world and is able to meet the challenge of the requirement poised buy these Intergalactic applications. This is because N tier clients frequently combine Middleware tier components within a single business transaction and a component can call other components to help in request and this could be very useful in Hares looking at the problem of user feedback they have as the requesting system will be much better than the one in place. 3. NNE of the suggestions proposed by Hares' IS department is the use of intranet web technology.Examine the pros and cons of such an idea. Intranet is an internal organizational network that uses Internet Protocol technology to sh are information, computing services and operational systems. This can be a company's internal network or a broader part of the organization's technology structure, and can be composed of multiple local area networks. The idea behind this is to organize different user's desktops in the organization at a low cost, also saving time and effort to be more productive, There are so many things that are good about having a functional intranet and that's why the IS department proposed the use of it.Pros of Intranet Single information source-Because data and information are kept in one place in an organized way it reduces on confusion of where information has begin kept and it can be easily accessed when needed as people will always know where to look thus saving on time. Common corporate culture is promoted: The ability for every user to view the same information within the Intranet makes it easy for an organization not to have different information which on the same things.Updates are Immed iate: live coverage of changes to your audience is made possible by Intranets and keeping them up to date thus limiting the company's liability. Time: information to employees is distributed on an as-needed basis. Employees can also access information at their convenience, rather than receiving electronic mail that may distract them indiscriminately. Business management and operations: The Intranet platform is begin used for developing and deploying applications that support business operations and decisions across the world wide web.Cost-effective: Saving on the hustle to maintaining physical documents, users can still view information and data via web-browser and this can save the business money used on printing/ duplicating comments and also maintenance of produced documents. CONS of Intranet Security: It's easy for individuals to have unauthorized access in to the intranet network and they may abuses materials. Software/Hardware incompatibility problems: because of the evolving technology upgrades are needed to keep up with the worlds demands otherwise a lot of problems in functioning of the intranet are faced.Availability of access to all employees: Some of the desks of employees may not have desktops and so it would make it difficult for them to access the intranet at their convenience. Information overload: As time moves on and information is posted n the intranet the presentation and design that helps users to filter out what they don't need, and get only the information that they really want becomes difficult and this begins to consume time thus undermining the advantage of intranet in time. Moderation: In case objectionable content is posted on to the intranet network someone has to clean up the mess.And this is very possible because all users have access and security is not strong so it is prone to cyber crime and so content that is objectionable can easily be posted. 4. Do you think the popularity of intranet software and the Internet pose threats to rotational Client/Server systems? Intranet software is the software that runs on servers and provides service facilities such us HTTP publishing like world which is the worldwide web, searching and indexing and FTP file retrieval facilities.Web browsers are the software used by clients to access pages on the web and because the protocols used by the intranet are the same as those by the web in makes it standard for users to use any web browser that is tested and these can be acquired free of charge or paid for at small cost. The internet is like a gold mine of anything one can need in connection with intranet footwear as one can get everything they need to the proper functionality of intranet networks.And the modern intranet has been able to come out of one building and via the internet basically do the exact thing client/server architecture is all about. In other words intranet software and the internet are a modern client server type of system. Intranet software and the interne t are able to create true intranet applications by employing existing client/server applications and also it is able to integrate applications in the Web browser that normally don't work and play well together.The Intranet then makes it possible for information to become available on the Internet from the same application environment and interface. Because of flexibility of Intranet software to operate on the internet many companies have flown that direction to save cost rather than implementing the traditional client server architecture. It is difficult and costly to spread the traditional client over geographical areas and because the internet makes this easy eliminating the hardware and is more effective the popularity of intranet software has increased and continues to be ore of preference to big organizations today.

Executive Summary Essays

Executive Summary Essays Executive Summary Essay Executive Summary Essay The report discusses about existing marketing strategy and recommends an alternative strategic approach for chosen telecommunication company, namely Maxis Bertha Malaysia Maxis Bertha is a telecommunication company provides better quality service with huge coverage with higher price charge as compare to their competitors such as DIG and Cellos among Malaysia. In the first half of 2011, the sales of Maxis Bertha Malaysia have Increased approximately 30%. The report starts with an Introduction and followed by the discussion on the existing marketing tragedy of Maxis Bertha. Currently, Maxis Bertha Is at maturity stage which Its successful brand allows It to be extended Indefinitely. For growth strategies, Maxis Bertha has used product development which It offers various types of services to attract future customer and gain a larger market share. It also used diversification which It alms to offer low cost plans and smartened APS to target younger customer groups. For value addition strategy, Maxis Bertha used product differentiation which its high performance quality allows Maxis Bertha to charge its product at higher price. Furthermore, segmentation targeting and positing (STEP), unique selling position (USPS), SOOT analysis, and PESTLE analysis are discussed in the report. The report followed by part two which objectives has set to make sure it has meet with the SMART criteria. Maxis Bertha can be more success in the market by maintaining its existing marketing strategy which is product development, diversification and product differentiation. Besides, Maxis Bertha can be more success in the market by organizes various activities and programs such as corporate social responsibility.

How to become a legal nurse consultant

How to become a legal nurse consultant These days, it’s cool to be a hyphenate- you know, like actor-activist, graphic designer-herbalist, or dentist-beekeeper. Basically, people who have strong professional skill sets in multiple areas are highly sought after, as industries look for employees who are versatile. And when you throw in healthcare, possibly the hottest industry around, you’re getting into very marketable territory. If you’ve ever found yourself trying to combine nursing skills with a bit of legal eagle expertise, then we might have a new career path for you: legal nurse consultant. What does a legal nurse consultant do?Legal nurse consultants (LNCs) are specialized nurses who provide medical expertise to people or groups who handle legal issues, like lawyers, court officers, lawmakers, insurance companies, or government agencies. For example, in a lawsuit or court case where the defendant claims he was injured, a legal nurse consultant might be brought in to assess the defendant’s medical records or testify about a particular kind of injury in general. Or if an insurance company is investigating the validity of a person’s claim, the legal nurse consultant might be called in to share expertise. Basically, a legal nurse consultant can be the bridge between the legal and healthcare worlds.A legal nurse consultant’s responsibilities may include:Reading and interpreting medical records/historiesWorking with attorneys to draft legal documents with medically sound informationProviding background medical researchInterviewing clientsOffering advice and medical insight to legal professionals about particular health issues or nursing practices in generalConsulting on healthcare legislationWriting reportsTestifying in court as a witnessLegal nurse consultants are often hired directly by law firms, government agencies, insurance companies, nonprofits, healthcare facilities, or forensic laboratories. There are also legal nurse consulting firms that employ LN Cs and have them work with clients on a consultant basis. LNCs may also go into business for themselves, setting up direct client relationships. They may work part-time (balancing legal duties with other nursing jobs) or full-time, depending on the employer. About half of LNCs are directly employed by private institutions, while the other half are independent contractors.What skills do LNCs need?Legal nurse consultants need to have two very strong skill sets: medical/clinical and legal. After all, their work depends on having expertise in both areas. While nurses do need strong hands-on patient care skills in general, the skills needed for this specialty tend to be more administrative in nature.Critical thinking skills.  Legal nurse consultants are responsible for analyzing medical data or situations, and applying it to a very particular legal context. So the LNC should be good at making connections, seeing patterns, and recalling details in order to solve a problem or create a na rrative.Organizational skills.  In both healthcare and the legal world, there’s little room for sloppiness- mistakes can endanger someone’s health or livelihood and affect the outcome of binding legal judgments. So an LNC needs to be able to organize information accurately and efficiently, particularly when it comes to written documents or medical records.Clinical skills.  Much of the job is providing current, accurate medical expertise, so it’s important for the LNC to have a strong medical background. If the nurse already has a specialty (like elder care or pediatrics), it’s also essential to stay on top of developments and trends in those fields, even if he or she isn’t actively practicing as a nurse anymore.Knowledge of legal terminology.  A legal nurse consultant isn’t an attorney, but he or she needs to have as good a grasp on legal terminology, as well as medical terminology, in order to work most efficiently with legal professi onals and provide high-quality consulting.Communication skills.  Being a legal nurse consultant is often a public-facing role (like when testifying in court), so being able to communicate effectively is essential. A legal nurse consultant’s reputation is based on the reliability of their information; so he or she should be able to present information clearly and authoritatively, with clean speaking and writing.What do you need to become an LNC?The main starting point to become a legal nurse consultant is a nursing degree and certification. You need that clinical base before you can specialize. At a minimum, legal nurse consultants have a bachelor’s degree in nursing, plus certification as an RN (which means passing the NCLEX and getting licensed by the state). States can have different requirements, so be sure to research what your particular state requires to become a registered nurse.This is also not an entry-level specialty for nurses. Most legal nurse consultants have at least five years’ experience in nursing practice before becoming a consultant. After all, you have to build expertise before you can share it with others and be an authority.If you choose to specialize in this area, many nursing programs offer training classes to develop the necessary legal skills. And although certification isn’t necessarily a requirement for working as a legal nurse consultant, many employers prefer to work with nurses who hold a certification from the American Legal Nurse Consultant Certification Board (ALNCC).How much do LNCs make?This can be a very lucrative career path for nurses. Most legal nurse consultants work on an hourly basis, with LNCs employed by law firms or private companies typically billing $60-100 per hour, and independent consultants typically billing $65-200 per hour. LNCs may also be able to charge premium fees for providing expert testimony, with average fees ranging from $150-200 per hour for these highly specialized s ervices.What’s the outlook for LNCs?Very bright indeed. Healthcare and nursing jobs are growing exponentially as it is, and legal changes to the healthcare and insurance industries are providing even more openings for nurses with this extra layer of legal expertise.If you’re looking for a nursing specialty that lets you reach outside the medical field and maybe even add a little legal drama, then becoming a legal nurse consultant could be a lucrative, challenging, and productive choice for your next career steps. Good luck!

Solving Common Typing Problems

Solving Common Typing Problems Theres nothing like typing away on a paper, only to find that youre not actually typing what you thought you were typing! There are several problems you can encounter with a keyboard that can drive you nuts, especially if youre on a deadline. Dont panic! The solution is probably painless. Some Letters Wont Type Sometimes a tiny piece of debris can get stuck under a few of your keys. If you find that a certain letter won’t type, you may be able to fix the problem by using a compressed air duster and gently blowing off your keys. Buttons Are Sticking Keyboards get very dirty sometimes, especially if you have a tendency to snack and type. You can clean a keyboard yourself (laptop or desktop), but it may be safer to have it cleaned by a professional. Numbers Wont Type There is a numbers lock button near your keypad that turns the pad on and off. If your numbers won’t type, you’ve probably pressed this button by mistake. Letters Are Typing Numbers It can be scary to type words and see nothing but numbers appearing! This is probably an easy fix, but the solution is  different for every type of laptop. The problem is you have numlock turned on, so you need to turn it off. This is sometimes done by pressing the FN key and the NUMLOCK key at the same time. Typing Over Letters If you are editing a document and are surprised to find that you are suddenly typing over words instead of inserting between words, you have accidentally pressed the Insert button. Just press it again. That key is an either/or function, so depressing it once causes it to insert text, and pressing it again causes it to replace text. Cursor Is Jumping This is one of the most frustrating problems of all, and it seems to be related to using a laptop with Vista or Windows XP. One possible solution is adjusting your touchpad settings. Secondly, you could disable tapping during input. To find this option with XP, go to: Control panelMouseAdvancedAdvanced feature settingsTapping and feature settingsTapping settingsDisable tapping If this doesn’t work, you can try installing Touchfreeze, a utility developed to disable your touchpad while you are typing text. Text Disappears Mysteriously If you accidentally highlight a block of text and type any letter, you replace all the selected when you type. This can happen in an instant, often without even noticing it. If you find that a lot of your text has disappeared, try hitting the undo function several times to see if your text reappears. If not, you can always hit redo to get back to where you started. Keyboard Keys Arent Functioning This isnt a common issue, but when it happens, either some or all keys stop working  or certain features of the keyboard such as backlighting may stop working. This can result from a low battery, so try plugging the computer in. It can also result in form liquid in the keyboard, causing the keys to short out.  Use compressed air between the keys and let the keyboard sit to dry for a while. Try using it again after it has dried  completely.

Religious Symbolism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Religious Symbolism - Research Paper Example It has been known for a long time that religion plays a critical role in the existence of human beings mainly because of helping people to connect with others and with a higher being. Religion serves many human needs that are aimed at helping people in dealing with mortality. Specifically, it helps in answering most of the questions that are beyond the human understanding that include but not limited to the afterlife and the soul (Molloy 9-10). The questions that underlie the idea of death are beyond human understanding and religion comes in to answer most of these hard to proof questions. These answers help in comforting people. Such congregation brings the aspect of socializing which improves the human psychology. Religion is also responsible for ensuring that people have belonging and an identity. This is very important because people’s mental health also rely on identity. When people belong to a group, that group provides a specific form of fulfillment. In order to express themselves, human beings have a need that prompts them to create artistic forms. As such, religion stimulates art, dance, and music. In fact, religion has been behind an inspiration to create the most fascinating buildings or structures of art in the world today. This brings out the issue of symbolism in religion. A symbol is a representation of something as it pertains to a specific field. As for symbols in religion or religious symbols, these are representations of certain aspects of a specific religion. For instance, in religion such as Christianity, the cross is a symbol of belonging and faith in that specific religion.

Fetal alcohol syndrome Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Fetal alcohol syndrome - Article Example Although FAS is seen as a leading cause of mental retardation, only approximately 20% are mentally retarded, which may explain evidences of behavior problems. In addition, these children are placed in regular schools, where most of the time teachers do not have concrete ideas on how to enhance learning specifically for these students. Participants The three-year study was participated by three students diagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD), who were also previously part of a larger research study concerning the condition, and they were K-12 school-aged when the present study was conducted. The 13 teachers who willingly participated involved 7 men and 6 women. The educators differed in specialized content areas, including math, physical education, English and language arts, and keyboarding, with varied professional experiences, ranging from 1 to 24 years. They were selected from three sites, Windy Way, Fishport, and Island City. Methods Qualitative methods were used i n the study and data collection methods included (a) individual or group interviews with teachers on-site, (b) participants’ classroom observations, and, (c) retrieval of the students’ relevant educational and medical records. A total of 26 interviews were conducted during the course of the study, in which these were all taped and transcribed.

The Internal Control Environment Research Proposal

The Internal Control Environment - Research Proposal Example Risk assessment is the component which enables the management to assess and analyze the risk associated with the accomplishment of objectives (Biegelman para.12). As in TPC, the elements of risk assessment includes an analysis of all three divisions and realizing the sources which could probably lead to control failure. For this purpose, TPC must set an internal control objective and then figure out the causes which would lead to deviations from the objective. Risk assessment is the component which enables the management to assess and analyze the risk associated with the accomplishment of objectives (Biegelman para.12). As in TPC, the elements of risk assessment includes an analysis of all three divisions and realizing the sources which could probably lead to control failure. For this purpose, TPC must set an internal control objective and then figure out the causes which would lead to deviations from the objective. The third component includes control activities or policies to create and implement strategies throughout the organization that ensures that objectives of internal control and minimization of risk would be achieved (Biegelman para.12). The major elements of this component are verification, performance reviews and separation of responsibilities etc. At TPC, this component involves implementing strategies and policies at headquarter as well as the three separate divisions. These policies might include a thorough system of performance measurement as well as control procedures (Committee of Sponsoring Organizations). The fourth component of internal control refers to management information and communication which entails communicating with employees on the internal control objectives as well as procedures and to instigate their efforts in meeting the goals (Biegelman para.12). TPC needs to enhance communication and information system among all the three divisions so as to ensure that the objective is communicated all over the organization.   The fifth and last component of internal control refers to monitoring which involves overseeing the whole internal control process and procedure to know if the process is carried out as planned and proceeding towards the desired objectives. The TPC’s management, as well as independent auditors, could keep a check over the proceeding of the control procedure in the organization and achievement of internal control objectives (Biegelman para.12).  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Necessity of Philosophy of Education for Teachers or Educators Essay

Necessity of Philosophy of Education for Teachers or Educators - Essay Example There are essential differences between man and animal, which makes â€Å"education’ possible for man and one can only train animal (Vargas, 1994, p.273). It makes possible The philosophy of education can be of forms as realism, idealism, existentialism or pragmatism and implications can be drawn by one for teaching, education, curriculum, learning or other important issues of education (Orteza and Miranda, 2001, p.3). There are four major educational philosophies on the properties of knowledge and the way of knowing it within the frame of epistemology. These approaches of educational philosophy are recently used in the classrooms widely all over the world. These philosophies are Perennialism, Essentialism, Progressivism and Reconstructionism. These philosophical issues concentrate heavily on the curriculum aspects of WHAT should be taught (Crookes, 2009, p.85). The aim of this education is to consolidate the fact that teachers or educators gain knowledge of great Western civ ilization ideas. The ways to solve problems in any era is hidden in these ideas. The aim is to share ideas that are everlasting, to search for enduring truth that are constant, as the human and natural world at the most essential level remain unchanged (Ornstein, 2012, p. 431). Essentialism: It is believed by the essentialists that there is a common cluster of knowledge that should be transmitted to teachers in a constructive way. Intellectual and moral standards are the two bases in the conservative perspective on which emphasis is given. Essential knowledge and academic rigor and skills are the major arena of the curriculum. Essentialists accept the idea of probable changes in the core curriculum (Ornstein, 2012, p.431) Progressivists: Progressivists believes that the whole child should be focused for the education, rather than focusing on the content or the teacher. Reconstructionism: Social Reconstructionism, a philosophy that put stress on the quest and addressing of social que stions to construct worldwide democracy and better society (Cohen, 1999). Teachers do teaching and the institutions where they work have a purpose that deeply concerns education (Langford, 1978, p.3). Successful teachers do have their respective philosophies and they are quite strong ones. Sometimes, the teachers themselves are not aware of their own philosophy or the reason behind their success. But it is the philosophy that affects everything they do all the day. It would be amazing if all teachers â€Å"flowed through the day† to handle all our tasks with great ease and naturally, but it is us who have to do all our appointed works. Today in several occasions, the beliefs of parents and students are really strong and presume an important influence on what a teacher can do and cannot do. A part of those beliefs are cultural, some are religious and some others are utter nonsense, but all of them must be confronted, handled and addressed individually. A teacher could face a s ituation in the class to which might have no clue and probably he is not going to learn about how to handle them. This is where an essentiality for philosophy lies for the educators. If teachers make too many hard and fast rules for which they are not willing, ready or able to back up, consequence might push them right into a corner. Because there will always be someone to test the teachers regarding their rules to see if they really mean it. A teacher will be tested everyday, in fact many a times in a day. If they do not follow through, they are not only going to lose the battle, but also a lot of respect as well. Among the first things that teachers need to do first is to determine the kind of things that are important enough to have a strong philosophy about. New teachers build up their philosophy slowly at first, as they start gaining confidence and strength they will make choices and changes in their beliefs that are well thought out, based on good judgments, innovated in exper ience and beneficial to

Principles of Time and Stress Management Assignment

Principles of Time and Stress Management - Assignment Example Based on the facts presented in the case, there is no evidence linking organization in which Chet works, Norris Company to his level of stress. Norris Company has a perfect structure with effective reporting chain hence providing every employee with room for growth and development. Every employee knows clearly his/her supervisor in addition to roles and responsibilities. Therefore, Chet’s level of stress is unrelated to the organizational (structural) problems of Norris Company. Instead, such stress level is his making. Some of the personal characteristics that are likely to interfere with Chet’s productivity and contribute to his level of stress include emotional intelligence, cognitive style, personal values, orientation towards change, and core self-evaluation. Chet does not seem to be in a perfect mood and sense in managing himself as well as a relationship with others. The lack or insufficiency of emotional intelligence is seen on how he casually relates to people within the firm. He is of very little concern. No wonder, when he was asked to go through the project he has done very little on the same. In addition, his personal values and cognitive style may cause the decrease in productivity whilst increasing the level of stress. Actually, Chet does not seem to be having the zeal of gathering and processing information, especially on assigned tasks. In any case, Chet’s orientation towards change is not very clear within the case. Therefore, these are personal characteristics with a possibility of affecting productivity and level of stress that Chet is currently experiencing.

Necessity of Philosophy of Education for Teachers or Educators Essay

Necessity of Philosophy of Education for Teachers or Educators - Essay Example There are essential differences between man and animal, which makes â€Å"education’ possible for man and one can only train animal (Vargas, 1994, p.273). It makes possible The philosophy of education can be of forms as realism, idealism, existentialism or pragmatism and implications can be drawn by one for teaching, education, curriculum, learning or other important issues of education (Orteza and Miranda, 2001, p.3). There are four major educational philosophies on the properties of knowledge and the way of knowing it within the frame of epistemology. These approaches of educational philosophy are recently used in the classrooms widely all over the world. These philosophies are Perennialism, Essentialism, Progressivism and Reconstructionism. These philosophical issues concentrate heavily on the curriculum aspects of WHAT should be taught (Crookes, 2009, p.85). The aim of this education is to consolidate the fact that teachers or educators gain knowledge of great Western civ ilization ideas. The ways to solve problems in any era is hidden in these ideas. The aim is to share ideas that are everlasting, to search for enduring truth that are constant, as the human and natural world at the most essential level remain unchanged (Ornstein, 2012, p. 431). Essentialism: It is believed by the essentialists that there is a common cluster of knowledge that should be transmitted to teachers in a constructive way. Intellectual and moral standards are the two bases in the conservative perspective on which emphasis is given. Essential knowledge and academic rigor and skills are the major arena of the curriculum. Essentialists accept the idea of probable changes in the core curriculum (Ornstein, 2012, p.431) Progressivists: Progressivists believes that the whole child should be focused for the education, rather than focusing on the content or the teacher. Reconstructionism: Social Reconstructionism, a philosophy that put stress on the quest and addressing of social que stions to construct worldwide democracy and better society (Cohen, 1999). Teachers do teaching and the institutions where they work have a purpose that deeply concerns education (Langford, 1978, p.3). Successful teachers do have their respective philosophies and they are quite strong ones. Sometimes, the teachers themselves are not aware of their own philosophy or the reason behind their success. But it is the philosophy that affects everything they do all the day. It would be amazing if all teachers â€Å"flowed through the day† to handle all our tasks with great ease and naturally, but it is us who have to do all our appointed works. Today in several occasions, the beliefs of parents and students are really strong and presume an important influence on what a teacher can do and cannot do. A part of those beliefs are cultural, some are religious and some others are utter nonsense, but all of them must be confronted, handled and addressed individually. A teacher could face a s ituation in the class to which might have no clue and probably he is not going to learn about how to handle them. This is where an essentiality for philosophy lies for the educators. If teachers make too many hard and fast rules for which they are not willing, ready or able to back up, consequence might push them right into a corner. Because there will always be someone to test the teachers regarding their rules to see if they really mean it. A teacher will be tested everyday, in fact many a times in a day. If they do not follow through, they are not only going to lose the battle, but also a lot of respect as well. Among the first things that teachers need to do first is to determine the kind of things that are important enough to have a strong philosophy about. New teachers build up their philosophy slowly at first, as they start gaining confidence and strength they will make choices and changes in their beliefs that are well thought out, based on good judgments, innovated in exper ience and beneficial to

The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill - Essay Example Systems to address construction project risk†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 a. Technology†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 b. People†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 c. Planning†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 IV. Catastrophic failure fault tree†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 V. Discussion of fault tree†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..7 a. Reduce risks†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...8 b. Mitigate risks†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..8 c. Avoid risks†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.9 VI. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 VII. Appendix†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦..10 VIII. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..11 Introduction The Deepwater Horizon disaster was triggered by failure of the sea-bed oil gusher to control the flow of oil following the 20th April 2010 blowout of the oil drilling rig. The incident, blamed on failure of the rig owner to rein in the warning signs and put in place adequate risk prevention and management programs, killed almost a dozen crew members and injured several others. The development then resulted in a massive leakage of oil into the sea, resulting in an unfathomable environmental disaster in the Gulf Sea. The catastrophic failure of the BP Oil drilling rig was generally the most dangerous ever in the history of offshore oil drilling projects. Sources of construction project risk a. Timeline On January 30th 2010, the Deepwater Horizon transferred its equipment to about 45 miles off the Louisiana coast in order to begin oil drilling operations at the Macondo well (Owens, 2012). In early April, an assessment was carried out to ascertain rig’s condition after Transocean Ltd., the chief operator the facility saw it wise to do so. On April 15, a cement job expert at the well-site travelled abroad to attend a conference on rig management techniques (Balaguer, 2010). A Halliburton’s employee specialized in designing cement job for plugging the well against spills, advised BP that the site needed 21 stabilizers to position the drill pipe at the centre, but BP superiors overruled his decision and directed the work to continue with only six centralizers in place. On April 18, Halliburton carried out a vital test on the cement that was set for use, but denied BP some of the results. Meanwhile the company advised BP that the well was at risk of leaks if the work proceeded with fewer than the earlier recommended 21 centralizers. On April 19, the drilling work was completed to the desirable depths. This paved way for installation of the casing and pumping of the cement to stabilize the rig. Whereas, the work was behind schedule by more than a month, finishing touches were done on 20th April. However, the well immediately failed, and triggered a blowout (Owens, 2012). b. Costs Transocean through Triton Asset Leasing Company was managing the rig. However, BP entered into a contract to use the rig for three years off the Louisiana coast. The contract was valued at $544 million, for the equipment only, with employees, supporting gear and other vessels costing

ESL classroom modification Essay Example for Free

ESL classroom modification Essay English as a second language students need modification and accommodation in the mainstream in order to be successful, because they pose problems to the teacher as most of them are not up to the academic level of other students. Research has shown that many teachers have not had training on how to successfully teach these students in the classroom. This article synthesizes what we as educators believe are the most important principles that teachers should support English as second language student to perform better in their academic field Modifications are individualized strategies posed on student for their success. They are appropriate when a student have learning difficulties in classroom. Implementing modifications that are parts of the student’s education plan are required by law. Modifications are necessary to any student that is not being successful with the regular method of instruction. They are important since not all students learn alike this help students be successful in their academic field. Research shows that social language is developed by students known as Basic inter personal communication skills (BICS) through informal and formal interaction with peers. The skills acquired are distinctive since they are not used in academic field. Academic language termed as Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP) can take up to five to eight year to master (Cummins, 1984), Cummins notes in his classic work that (BICS) is typically acquired over a period of one to two years. Student who are yet to develop (CALP) in English, teachers need to be careful in choosing task that provide relevant information of cognitive complexity and contextual support. For student to complete activities that are cognitively complex they need to posses CALP to complete them. English language learners may lack the language skills to comprehend explanations of complex concepts and to express their thoughts yet they may have cognitive capacity to grasp material in such situation teachers may make comprehension of instruction through the use of contextual support such as gestures, hands-on learning, visuals, and other non-verbal accompaniment of instruction. The more instruction is contextualized, the better chance the English language learner has to develop understanding of complex concepts and the language used to explain them (Cummins, 1984). How can a teacher ensure that ESL students experience the same level of comprehension as the native English speaking students? The answer involves most of the teachers time but result are well worth it. Since the first aspect of language is aural or listening, read aloud session held after school could help for the beginning ESL students. The teacher can employ more students involvement and leadership by supervising a reading group in which the more advanced ESL student read to the beginning student. This method helps the beginner to feel more comfortable with the text as well as encourage advanced students to work on oral communication skills. However, one does not want to segregate students; the teacher should therefore stress the basic the basic learning strategies of making prediction, taking notes, inferring word meaning, and asking questions as they read. The simple strategies provide focus for reading and engage the learner in active reading (spangenberg-Urbschat 95). Fair assessment is one of the biggest questions concerning incorporation of ESL students in to regular English class. Should ESL student be held to the same grading standard as the native English speakers? Solution is yes, but methods of assessment should be different. With modification ESL students should demonstrate understanding of text, grammar skills and vocabulary. Standardized tastes do not show how well ESL students have comprehended the information and also overwhelm them. Assessment of all choice of student should be portfolio assessment as it tracks students improvement through sample quizzes, projects, reading log and journals. Providing equal education for the ESL student did not always mean those students were getting fair education. The courts found that Chine students involved in the suit were being excluded from educational opportunities since even though they were provided with the same instructional and materials as the native English student, they could not take the advantages since they lack adequate English language skills. Since ESL learners cannot take equal advantage of those opportunities, it is therefore not fair nor equal to them to use the same instructional strategies as the native English student. A model portfolio that has implications features for the ESL classroom can be used as a systematic tool in instructional planning and student evaluation. The potential for determining the depth and breadth of a students capabilities can be seen through analysis and comprehensive data collection. A comprehensive, focuses on both the processes and products of learning; uses both formal and informal assessment; seeks to understand student language development in the affective domains, cognitive, metacognitive, and linguistic; stress both formal and academic language development. Contains teacher, student, and objective input. The teacher should take some strategies on how to handle newcomers and emergent student. For the newcomers create climate of acceptance, use manipulative visuals, realia, props and games, use cooperative learning group, display print to support oral language , the teacher should also set model activities for the students to boost their understanding. Use of bilingual students as peer helpers is necessary he/she should adjust his rate of speech to enhance comprehension. In addition, he should ask yes/no questions to test if they can recall what they have been taught, ask them to draw/show/point various parts that have been taught during the lesson. He should test the new comers more on area dealing with vocabulary and terminologies. The teacher should simplify the language and not the content, moreover, the teacher should design the lesson in such a way as to motivate student to talk. As the teacher watch student improve, he should start asking them questions that require one or two words response for example who? What? When? Which one? How many. His lessons should expand on the vocabulary. Sensitizing mainstream students to the newcomer challenges is one of the suggestion for supporting ESL newcomers. The teacher should prepare native English students for the arrival of the newcomers. The teacher should brainstorm them on how they would feel if their parent took them to another country to study. student may demonstrate physical ailment or display a wide variety of unusual behavior such as aggression, depression, tantrums, tendency to withdraw, crying and sleeplessness. The teacher should therefore be aware of the culture shock and know how to handle such situations. The teacher should create frequent opportunities for their success in the classroom, give a lot of encouragement and praise on what the student can do and be careful not to call on them to perform what is above their level of competence. In this way the teacher create a nurturing environment for the student the teacher should establish a regular routine for the newcomers by giving them help in organizing space, time and material. he can achieve this by giving the a copy of daily schedule have them keep it at the front of their ESL notebook or tape it to their desk. From the beginning engage newcomers in language learning. the teacher can achieve this for example rote learning whereby students learn sight words, chants, poems, songs, list and spelling words through rote learning. Include them in class authority so that they can also see they are important members in the group, areas of expertise include math, computers, origami or art work. At first, student may not talk at all therefore the teacher needs to recruit volunteers to work with newcomers. It is critical to provide student with aural input in plenty in order to familiarize themselves with the English language. Students using headphones should be isolated from the rest of the class; this is a word of caution about the use of tapes and tape recorders. Appropriate reading materials for the ESL learners should at least include the following; story plots that are action based little text on each page, text that contains repetitive and predictable phrases, high-frequency vocabulary and useful words, text that employ simple sentenced structure, and numerous illustration that help clarify the text. when the teacher is reading to the ESL beginners he should make sure language is comprehensible therefore he should use reading strategies to increase students’ comprehension for example using expressive tone, reading sentence at a slow-to-normal pace. Literate and preliterate newcomers who speak a language that does not use Roman alphabet need direct instruction in letter recognition and formation as well as the phonetic beginners. The teacher teach phonetics in context the teacher can introduce and reinforce letter recognition beginning and ending sounds, rhyming words, blending silent words, homonyms etc through the use of authentic literature . since phonetic worksheets present new vocabulary out of context, they are generally useful to the newcomers. There are ten things the mainstream teacher can do to improve instruction for the ESL students. To begin with, the teacher should add gestures, point directly to objects, or draw pictures when appropriate, enunciate clearly, but do not raise his voice. Secondly, write legibly, clear, and in print . thirdly, he should try to avoid slang words and idioms; in addition, he should present new information in the context of known information and present information in a variety of ways. He should announce the lesson’s activities and objective, and list instructions step-by-step. Moreover, he should always emphasize key vocabulary words and provide frequent summations of the salient points of a lesson. The teacher should also recognize student success frequently and overtly, individual praises in some cultures are considered inappropriate and therefore embarrassing or confusing to the student. The teacher should use clear and consistent signals for classroom e should therefore develop and maintain routine. Finally If a student does not understand information you are delivering to them, try rephrasing or paraphrasing in shorter sentences and simpler syntax have students demonstrate their learning in order to show comprehension instead of asking them Do you understand? in this manner the teacher will check their understanding through repeating information and reviewing it frequently. The teachers need to know various teaching strategies when dealing with ESL student. Cooperative is one of the strategies. Robert E. Slavin (1995) has shown cooperative learning can be effective for students at all academic levels and learning styles. This method give all student frequent opportunities to speak this boost spirit of cooperation and friendship amongst students, student benefit from observing learning strategies used by their peers through shared learning activities. Language experience approach also known as Dictated stories is another strategy. Student’s words are used to create a text that will be used as a material for reading lesson. In this method students learn how their language is encoded as they watch it written down. It help student bring their personal experience in to classroom most important to culturally diverse student. Total physical response (TPR) is another strategy it. in reading comprehension the teacher should reduce the quantity of student reading at a time to be able to attend to individual level he should also modify materials to student’s decoding level, in addition, he should have students paraphrase verbally what has been read in the lesson . He should also eliminate visual distraction on page this is to enhance concentration span of students use of personal experience is important since it enhance understanding for example the teacher can encourage student to give their own experience after giving the his own to give them clue on what is meant in the lesson Conclusion Teachers are now responsible for education of student that they were not originally trained on the old adage of ‘good teaching will work for everyone is too simplistic to address the very real challenges that these teachers face. Teachers should take heart and work fully on their profession. Remember that when we are deliberate and informed about the learning that is taking place teaching becomes most powerful. This is usually true when we are teaching a student a completely different language their growth t are validated in the effort they put forth in your class and in life. ESL student can bring a wealth of information resources and culture with them yet they need our help in order to contribute to our classroom and society. By understanding some of the basic concepts that English as a second language specialists have known for years, content area teachers can tap into the resources that LEP students bring with them, making the transition to the mainstream classroom not only easier for the ESL student but also the content area teacher as well. Reference 1. Cummins, J. (1984).Bilingualism and special education: Issues in assessment and pedagogy. San Diego, CA: College-Hill. 2. Classroom modification http://www. spavinawok. net/CLASSROOM%20MODIFICATIONS. pdf. 3. Krashen, S. Terrell, T. (1983). The natural approach: Language acquisition in the classroom. Oxford: Pergamon Press. 4. Short, D. J. (1993). Assessing integrated language and content instruction. TESOL Quarterly, 27, (4), 627-656. 5. Teacher Discussion Forums: forums. eslcafe. com/teacher/viewtopic. php? t=448 44k Cached Similar pages

Marketing Plan for an Updated Product

Marketing Plan for an Updated Product A marketing plan is typically designed to establish a framework for management to use as they pursue the marketing and sales objectives. It should be built on the results of the market research and the specific value proposition of a product or service. In general, a marketing plan is a shorter form of a business plan that has a limited scope and marketing emphasis. I have chosen UK chocolate confectionary market to present a market plan for an updated product. Market Overview: Chocolate sales in Europe have been growing steadily. The UK confectionery market achieved year-on-year growth for the last five to six years to reach a value of  £4.53bn i.e. the sales have increased by 13%. The overall European chocolate sales increased by 15% and the United Kingdom itself accounts for nearly 30% of European chocolate consumption. Product Overview: So far the need for innovation and the product development techniques has been explained. On the basis of these discussions I would like to use the opportunity to develop a new product in the confectionary market. Taking the existing products of Cadbury such as Cadbury Picnic, Cadbury Crunchie and Boost chocolate bars as well as Cadbury Crà ¨me Eggs, I have thought of updating Cadbury chocolate bars by producing a new chocolate bar and the Crà ¨me Eggs by producing another egg shaped product. The analysis of innovation need suggests that launch of new product can help Cadbury to attract more customers and thus increase market share in a highly competitive market of chocolate confectionary. Assuming the results obtained from the techniques for new product development and analyzing the market overview, I would say that a new product can be launched in the market and thats why I have thought of updating Cadburys existing products into other new products. This Cadburys new chocolate bar will be known as CADBURY LEMON BAR and the new egg shaped product will be known as CADBURY CHOCOLATE LEMONS. The bar name has been selected because this chocolate bar will be having an internal layer of sweet lemon tart and externally it will be covered with a mix of chocolate and fine grains of peanuts. N.B: (In the report the word Cadbury Lemon means both the updated products i.e. Cadbury Lemon Bar and Cadbury Chocolate Lemons). Market Segmentation: Understanding the needs and desires of consumers creates the opportunity for new products to be developed and brought to the market, meeting these needs and generating incremental sales. Chocolate confectionary is a mass market attracting customers and consumers of almost every age group and gender, but those who like eating chocolate. The target market for both the Cadbury Lemon products can include children of age 5 to 13 years in terms of consumers and the parents to pay for the product in terms of customers. Further more it can be expanded from children of age 14 to young people and then onwards to aged people (65+) as long as they keep their interest in their chocolate eating habit. The product would also be suitable for vegetarians and further more it would be excluded of any religious issues such as alcohol free etc. In terms of income and price of the product there isnt any need to be selective to choose a particular group of audience as everybody can easily afford to buy a b ar of chocolate or a pack of chocolate sweets i.e. Cadbury Lemon Bar and Cadbury Chocolate Lemons. Snacking Today: Snacking today is the second largest segment in the UK confectionary market with a share of over 28%. Cadbury Lemon chocolate bar is such a product which is mainly bought for immediate personal consumption. The target market of this product would be people who will buy a chocolate bar and eat it. It does not identify any particular segment but includes everybody having an access to the stores and retail shops where they will find the product, buy it and consume it. For Home: The products in this category are those which are bought for consumption sometime later. Thus in this category both the products i.e. Cadbury Lemon Bar and Cadbury Chocolate Lemons will fit properly in this category of products. These two products would target people who like filling their cupboards with chocolate to consume them for different purposes e.g. filling lunch boxes or as a treat after evening meals. For home is a category which is more about the products to be eaten by the customers i.e. both male and female partners, their children and parents and as well as by other consumers such as visitors or guests visiting at different times e.g. evening tea time and so on. Sharing Occasions: This segment represents an emerging trend towards the sharing of confectionary at formal occasions. This is an emerging segment for products which are traditionally packed in larger pack formats such as tins, large boxes and cartons. They are purchased not as gifts but also for informal sharing on specific occasions e.g. the Cadbury Chocolate Lemons can be purchased as a gift for someones birthday and Cadbury Lemon Bar can act as a sharing product at a party or just at small gathering of friends. This is how another segment of the market can be differentiated. Seasonal Giving: Seasonal giving is the third largest segment of the overall confectionary market. The rate of growth of this segment has led to an increase of 3.8% in sales and an increased share of the overall confectionary market as 17.6%.This segment includes products bought to give to someone else as well as a larger number of seasonal lines and Cadbury Chocolate Lemons in different packs would best fit in this category. Seasonal confectionary is mainly sold during the run up to Christmas and Easter and is a traditional gift at these times of the year. Along with this other seasonal occasions can include Halloween, Mothers Day and Valentines Day. Competition Overview: The UK confectionary market is facing a very strong competition among the companies in this market. Thus Cadbury Lemon will also have to tackle such circumstances of competition from different major competitors including Nestle, Kit Kat, Mars, Maltesers and others. Moreover, rapid product growth at the mass end and the premium end of the European chocolate market is adding competitive pressures. Smaller companies are making chocolate products for niche markets, such as chocolates for people who want to avoid dairy products, chocolates for people who are diabetic and chocolates for people who prefer natural or organic flavourings and ingredients. Further, established companies are constantly introducing variations and other favourites to satisfy customers variety-seeking behaviour and encourage loyalty. Although Cadbury owns a good market share but still there is a need to be aware of the competitors and the situations which may cause hindrances for the new product. SWOT Analysis: Cadbury has been in the confectionary business for a long time and holds a strong market share. Thus the company has been using its strengths to always go for producing new products as well as updating the existing ones. National advertising and sales promotion support sales of Cadbury and for instance, Cadbury has been spending heavily to launch new chocolate products or building sales during Easter or other holiday periods. There might also be some weaknesses that could be associated with it. Most of the people see chocolates as an affordable luxury and therefore buy such products for themselves and also for gifts. People are adopting the habits of giving chocolate as gifts on different occasions like Christmas, Valentines Day and Birthdays etc which has increased the opportunities in terms of increase in demand for the product. However the threats are always there when a company launches a new product. In addition to the major luxury chocolate makers with established brands, natio nal advertising campaigns and sizable market share, many smaller and local chocolate makers are attracting loyal customers. But on the whole, so far, the UK confectionary market for Cadbury seems to be having the opportunities to grow and increase the market share. Goals and Objectives: For this marketing plan I would say that the goals and objectives are simply the facts describing where the company i.e. Cadbury wants to be. The goals and objectives can be divided into two parts. Sales Goals: For many organizations the ultimate goal of the marketing plan is the effect it will have on the bottom line. Sales goals would be in terms of the sales figures estimated to be achieved. Until 2005, Cadbury has been earning great sums of profits and the further need is to increase the profits or maintain the profitability of the company up to a level at least meeting the required levels. Marketing and other Objectives: The marketing objectives for Cadbury Lemon should address each group in the target market in terms of meeting customer satisfaction and their interests in buying the product. The market objectives for Cadbury Lemon should fulfill the same elements as set for other brands. It includes continuing high Corporate and Social Responsibility standards through actions and brands, delivering superior shareowner performance, ensuring the capabilities are best in the market, focusing on creating a cohesive and talented workforce through encouraging inclusiveness and increasing the diversity of our people. Hence the product would only be said to be successful if these goals and objectives would be clearly identified and followed properly. Pricing Strategies for Cadbury Lemon: Pricing in general meanings means how much to charge for a product or service? Pricing is one of the four Ps of the marketing mix. The other three aspects are Product Management, Place (distribution) and Promotion. Penetration Pricing: Penetration pricing is the pricing technique of setting a relatively low initial entry price, a price that is often lower than the eventual market price. The expectation is that the initial low price will secure market acceptance by breaking down existing brand loyalties. Penetration pricing is most commonly associated with a marketing objective of increasing market share or sales volume, rather than short term profit maximisation. Competitive Pricing: The competitive pricing strategy is used by around a quarter (27%) of organisations. It is the most usual form of pricing which is based on evidence from the market where product prices are determined by reference to the prices of competitive products. A sound appreciation of competitive actions, especially prices, is necessary for the most effective strategies to be formulated. The most effective marketing manager will, however, try to develop an understanding of the various competitive positions based on an appreciation of the customer needs. Distribution: Like Pricing, distribution is another important part of marketing mix which needs businesses to carry out detailed analyses in order to distribute their products/services easily and efficiently to their customers. A distribution business is the middleman between the manufacturer and customer.. As far as distribution of confectionary products is concerned, the best and appropriate options would be the following. (Method 1) (Method 2) Producer Producers Retailers Whole Sellers Customers Retailers Customers Communication: For Cadburys updated products i.e. Cadbury Lemon Bar and Cadbury Chocolate Lemons I would like to recommend following communication techniques for the product promotion. TV Advertising: Importantly I would like to recommend using TV as the most appropriate tool of communication. Cadbury has already been sponsoring Coronation Street for a long time. So when people will be watching the programme then in every break the advert will be presented and people will see how the new product has been developed. This technique will pass the message to the right target market and thus will create awareness among public. Bill Boards: Bill boards are though to be another important tool of sending the message across the target market and overall to every one. Bill boards will be displayed at certain points which will clearly explain what the product looks like and how has it been developed. People while traveling will get attracted towards the product being displayed on bill boards and thus will get the message. Hence hopefully this technique is thought to be equally appropriate to create awareness among public and then leading them to further stages of decision making and purchase of product. Transport: Compared to bill boards, transport will be taken as a source of moving message across people. Thus this is another technique which holds an equal importance as TV advertising and bill boards. Transport including buses, trams, trains and to some extent taxis are thought to be quite suitable for making people aware of the product. The product will be displayed with its features and it differences from other products on the above mentioned transports. People when traveling on these transports or following them, will get attracted towards the printed message. So this is how it will help Cadbury to increase their profits when the sales will go up. Sales Promotions: One of the below the line techniques that I think would help to increase sales is sales promotion. It can be done in a way that Cadbury can encourage customers to buy Cadbury Lemon by offering the products at trial prices or another way could be that first few millions of products would be given free without any charges. Similarly when the products would be sold through a third party e.g. retailers then it can also be looked t providing point of sale material, or special promotions aimed at encourage the distributors to sell or stock more products, so that it can help to increase the amount people will use our product. Monitoring and Reviewing Marketing Performance: The organisations who manage to be both efficient in their operations and effective that they deliver what their customers want, they enjoy the benefits of their business in real sense. On the other hand those who are neither efficient nor effective lose their market share and at last come out of the business. Financial Measures: Profit: Most of traditional financial measures concentrate on profit and it goes without saying that profit is essential to the long-term survival of any business no matter what size or shape. The performance of Cadbury Lemon could easily be judged by analysing the difference in the profits of the company. If the companys profits have gone up then it can be assumed that the product has been successful in the market and that it has helped to meet the companys objectives in terms of achieving the target profit. Meeting the financial targets is very important for every business. Companies invest a lot of money in carrying out Research and Development to make their products effective and efficient in the market. So a successful launch of Cadbury Lemon and the analysis of profit would clearly help Cadbury to make decisions about whether the product should be kept in market and let it become a cash cow or pull it out before it becomes dog. Return on Sales: Another area that gives good and bad signals to the businesses about their performance is sales. Return on sales can tell how well a product or service is performing in the market. This is how Cadbury Lemons sales will help to see what the demand for the product is. This can be analysed, whether the consumers have liked the idea of developed product and are doing repeat purchases or the product have failed to satisfy customers needs. Thus higher the sale levels will be greater would be the customers satisfaction, which will result an increase in Cadburys market share. Now lets have a look how non-financial measures can take part in reviewing Cadbury Lemons performance. Barriers to Marketing Planning: In order to overcome any problem the first and important requirement is appropriate monitoring of the problem and see how easily and effectively can a business overcome a barrier. As long as the proper control measures are installed there will be no more problems that can interfere. Taking a look on previously described external barriers; organisations are needed to take complete analyses of the factors that could influence their strategic implementation process. The political as well as legal factors especially Government policies related to taxation, employment, health and safety and other issues can be influential for the organisations. So for organisations, it is necessary to keep in mind the Governments rules and regulations in order to take step in any part of business strategy. Accordingly it would be important for managers to detect changes early so as to respond effectively. Similarly an early forecast of economic factors is also important so that recommendations related to future can be made. Technological barriers to some extent could be considered as slow acting barriers because technology does not change everyday. However for Research and Development purposes technology plays a vital role in giving the information to businesses that, then, is to be used for developments processes. The internal marketing, being an integral part of successful strategic implementation, involves all the processes necessary to carry the message of the strategic plan inside to the various audiences that compromise the organisation. The internal marketing is equally important as that of external marketing and thus it needs to be analysed fully in order to eliminate errors. Like external marketing, internal marketing also requires a good and appropriate understanding of the needs and motivations of the target audiences to be successful. The organisations should be designed in such a way that the communication between top and the bottom layers is quick and detailed. Keeping everyone informed about any changes going on within an organisation can help to take ideas and views from internal bodies which could then further be utilised in the process of final decision making. In order to analyse that how well a marketer is performing, the information can be obtained with the help of a marketing feedback. Although the information and feedback on a plans progress is can never be 100% accurate but it does act to both reduce the uncertainty in planning and improves the quality of action. Conclusion: Hence in this report the need for innovation for organisations has been explained. Product development techniques have been discussed in detail with reference to the confectionary market. A marketing plan has been presented which is covering all the aspects related to market review, competition, pricing, distribution and communication. The measures to review performance have also been talked about. And finally the barriers and the suggestions to overcome these barriers have also been explained in detail.

Sympathy in Beowulf Essay -- Epic Poems, Grendel, Anglo-Saxon

While the classic battle between good and evil forces is a major theme of the medieval epic Beowulf, one may question whether these good and evil forces are as black and white as they appear. Scholars such as Herbert G. Wright claim that â€Å"the dragon, like the giant Grendel, is an enemy of mankind, and the audience of Beowulf can have entertained no sympathy for either the one or the other† (Wright, 4). However, other scholars such as Andy Orchard disagree with this claim, and believe that there is â€Å"something deeply human about the ‘monsters’† (Orchard, 29). While Grendel, Grendel’s mother, and the dragon are indeed portrayed as evil and violent foes, there are parts within Beowulf that can also lead a reader to believe that the â€Å"monsters† may not be so monstrous after all. In fact, the author of Beowulf represents the â€Å"monsters† within the poem with a degree of moral ambivalence. This ambivalence ultimately evokes tr aces of sympathy in the reader for the plight of these â€Å"monster† figures, and blurs the fine line between good and evil within the poem. The first opponent Beowulf must face in the land of the Danes is Grendel, textually described as â€Å"a fiend out of hell †¦ [a] grim demon / haunting the marches, / marauding round the heath / and the desolate fens† (Beowulf, line 100 – 104). The author also provides us with a moral description, explaining how Grendel is â€Å"merciless †¦ malignant by nature, he never showed remorse† (line 135-137). As we can see here, the author’s physical and moral portrayal of Grendel is rather unforgiving. We also resent Grendel further once we learn that he has wreaked havoc upon the Heorot hall for twelve years, â€Å"inflicting constant cruelties on the people / atrocious hurt† (line 165). One may wonder ... ...ts treasure, almost an obsession,† then can one really blame am animal acting through instinct and purpose? While destructive, it was indeed the greed and ignorance of man that brought the wrath of the dragon upon Geatland. â€Å"The intruder who broached the dragon’s treasure / and moved him to wrath had never meant to† (line 2215). â€Å"each antagonist struck terror in the other† (line 2565). While the monsters of the poem are the antagonists of the poem, the author still manages to make the reader feel traces of sympathy for them. Grendel’s human depiction, exile and misery tugs at the heart of readers and indeed shows a genuine side to the figure, while Grendel’s mother and the dragon are sympathetic mainly because they were provoked into being attacked over things they both had a deep affection for. Their actions make us question whether they are as evil as they seem.

Drama in Act 1 Scene 5 and Act 3 Scene 1 of William Shakespeares Romeo

Drama in Act 1 Scene 5 and Act 3 Scene 1 of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet 'Romeo and Juliet' is centred around three main themes. The love between Romeo and Juliet combined with the hatred between their families. 'Romeo and Juliet' is also about fate and destiny. In the prologue Romeo and Juliet are referred to as "a pair of star-crossed lovers". These themes are all closely linked and have consequences which eventually result in Romeo and Juliet's deaths. The chosen scenes are the most important in the play. The actions in these scenes create a lot of tension and are central to the plot. In the first scene Tybalt is given a reason to want to fight Romeo. Romeo and Juliet meet for the first time and instantly fall in love, only to be driven apart in the second scene when Romeo is banished as a consequence of a fight; this is immediately after they have secretly married. These scenes are closely linked, as the main action in act 3 scene 1 is a direct consequence of something which happened in act 1 scene 5.Shakespeare is a skilful dramatist. In the scenes he uses contrasting ways of gripping the audience's attention. Shakespeare uses a fast moving plot of only four days; he consciously shortened the source material to create effect. This makes it easier to act out as well as creating more drama. It shows how passionate Romeo and Juliet are. The shortened plot grips the audience's attention as there is always something of interest happening. The audience are shocked at how quickly things happen; there is always suspense as to what will happen next. Shakespeare has given thought to the position of act 1 scene 5; he c... ...acle and creates dramatic irony. This helps the audience feel involved as they have information the characters don't and it creates suspense as we wait for the characters to find out what we already know. Shakespeare creates tension and suspense throughout the whole play. This means we are constantly gripped and there is always something happening. This is helped by the fast moving plot which Shakespeare conscientiously created. Tension and suspense is a key aspect to the two key scenes and I think Shakespeare creates a lot of it and in an effective way. Shakespeare also very cleverly bases the two pivotal scenes around opposing themes which is dramatic in its own form. Overall I feel Shakespeare is a very skilful dramatist and knows how to grip the audiences' attention using a variety of techniques, in different ways.

Mozart vs. Beethoven

Arts and Culture 2 Mozart vs. Beethoven Paper 3/21/12 Mozart vs. Beethoven In the 18th century, the middle class made a lot more money. During the Classical Period, the middle class had a tremendous influence on music. They wanted to hear concertos and symphonies. They wanted their children to learn great music and play instruments. The composers began writing music that was geared towards the middle class because they could make a better living if they enjoyed the music being played. They wrote music that was easier for their students to understand and play.Serious music changed into comic operas, or popular folk tunes, and dance music. This was a good thing it shaped dance and music forever. Mozart and Beethoven were both master composers in the 18th century classical music era. Classical music emphasized the different moods of music throughout one song, as it fluctuated with the composer’s emotions. There is a large variety of rhythmic patterns, that created the composers t houghts. Classical music has a lot more homophonic texture. The melodies were balanced, symmetrical, and a whole lot easier to remember.Beethoven and Mozart are the two most important musicians of their time. Their pieces are everlasting and will live on forever. Their styles are so unique and uplifting that they could never be matched. They were truly masterminds as they played in the same time period but their lives were tremendously different. There are some similarities and many differences between the two of them but one fact will always remain: They are the central and most vital part of all music. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was one of the most important musical innovators we have ever seen in our lifetime.His style of music helped re-shape music, the way it was played, and the Classical period. Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria in 1756. Mozart was a child prodigy, claiming most of his success in his youth. At the age of six, Mozart could play the harpsichord and violin very w ell. At this time he was able to improvise fugues, write minuets, and read music perfectly. At the age of eight, he wrote a symphony and at eleven, he wrote an oratorio. Then, at the age of twelve he wrote a great opera. Mozart's father was Leopold Mozart, who happened to be a court musician.Both Mozart and Beethoven had help from their fathers in many different ways. Mozart's father helped him travel around as a young musician and he traveled many places and he seen many well-known people and aristocrats. Because of Mozart's early successes many challenges had become part of his life. He had very high expectations from the community and from his father. Unlike, Beethoven, Mozart was spoiled as a youth and because of this he refused to be treated as a servant. He completely relied on his father’s help and refused to work with the archbishop.This would become a problem later when Mozart did not develop enough initiative. Because of that he could not make decisions on his own. Then at age 25, Mozart broke free from Salzburg and became a great freelance musician in Vienna. This is where Mozart found and started some of his success. Mozart earned his living giving lessons to people and holding concerts. Mozart later wrote his piece â€Å"Don Giovanni† and then â€Å"The marriage of Figaro† and these were great pieces for his time. Eventually, Mozart's popularity disapeared and his music was found to be very complicated and hard to follow.Mozart's music was very versatile and his masterpieces had been in many forms. His piano concertos were and still are very important and very popular pieces. Mozart was also a master of the opera. As he wrote many popular operas in his time. During his last year, he was much more successful. He wrote an opera and a Requiem, which he never did finish. Mozart's great passion in his work can be herd and felt in various works and in his style. It is of the utmost perfection and can not be replicated. Mozart died i n 1791, in Vienna at the age of just 35.Ludwig Van Beethoven came in the later part of the Classical Period and helped bridge this period into the Romantic era. Beethoven is considered by many one of the greatest musicians to ever play and was a mere genius. His influence in music is still noticed and recognizes today and will continue to be herd, felt and recognized throughout time. Beethoven’s pieces being as dramatic and profound as they are will never be lost as time goes on. Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany in 1770. He was born into a family of musicians.Beethoven was not the child star that Mozart was but he did accomplish many things as a youth. Beethoven played for Mozart at age sixteen. Mozart said, â€Å"Keep your eyes on him; some day he will give the world something to talk about. † When Beethoven was twenty-two he decided to leave Germany and go to Vienna, to study with Joseph Haydn. Beethoven had a very rough upbringing, because his father was an alcoh olic and was a very abusive person. Many of Beethoven's works are and were based on the horrendous experiences he had growing up.Beethoven had two brothers, they were both younger than him. Beethoven's father died when he was young, which forced him to take care of his family. Beethoven was self-educated, very vain and a very self-absorbed man. He had very high expectations for himself and was often said to have a very rude and disastrous behavior. Beethoven refused to be a servant or treated like one and refused to be told what to do, claiming that he should be treated as an artist and that he deserved more respect than the average person. Beethoven was struck with what was his greatest downfall; becoming deaf.This occurred in 1802 when doctors learned that he was becoming deaf and there was nothing that they could do to stop it. This impairment reshaped his music completely. This led the way to a very tense and exciting side of his pieces that no one ever seen. Beethoven's music d iffers with Mozart's and is more intense and had a greater range of pitch and dynamics. Beethoven's greatest pieces were his symphonies. And are still heard today as often as they were in his days. Beethoven was a very good innovator with his own variations to music.Compared to Mozart, Beethoven tried to unify contrasting movements by using musical continuity. Often times Beethoven's music did not have a clear ending and was dragged out a bit longer than expected to be. Beethoven died in 1827, in Vienna. â€Å"Beethoven gave his first public appearance (playing piano) when he was eight and had his first piece of music published by the time he was 12 years old. † In conclusion, Mozart and Beethoven had a great influence in the change of music in the 18th century. They played, conducted, and composed music that came completely from their heart.They made people very happy and entertained people. They opened up a doorway to what we call musical expression. We would probably still be in the Baroque era, if it weren’t for these two genius music composers. Work Cited http://www. kidzworld. com/article/1292-wolfgang-amadeus-mozart-biography#ixzz1prb4fYP0 http://www. ipl. org/div/michist/clas/mozart. html www. biography. com/people/wolfgang-mozart-9417115 www. lvbeethoven. com/Bio/BiographyLudwig. html www. biography. com/people/ludwig-van-beethoven-9204862 And The Movie – Amadeus