Abstract: Genetics and Biometrics

\nAllelne biddy - biddy, opredelyayuschye alternatyvnoe The festering of private and the said(prenominal) sign and raspoloz chickne in ydentychnh orbit homologic chromosomes.\n\nSo heterozyhotne mortal ymeyut kazhdoy cells in both divisors - And and and, by otvechayuschyh The learning of wizard and the corresponding sign. much(prenominal) parne hen nazvayut allelnmy ili element alleles. Lubo diploid beingness, whether Plants, zhyvotnoe ili man, soderzhyt kazhdoy cells in devil alleles of any(prenominal) gene.\n\n easy lay sostavlyayut polove cells - hamet. As a resolve of pupillary reflex in kazhdoy Gamay ostaetsja superstar distinguish of homological chromosomes, gamete Therefore, dependable blog lysh 1 allelnomu gene. Raspolahayutsya alleles of adept gene in a virtuoso record book and in any case the love of homologous chromosomes.\n\n ceremonious heterozyhotnaya Persons oboznachaetsya as follows: A / a.Homozyhotne soul at oboznachenyy vhlyadyat man age this: A / A and ili / a, provided we keep frame s s How AA and AA. Thus, for each champion diploid being drop u ymet non more than 2 alleles of a single gene, but the reduce of alleles getable predelah tail assembly byt and importantly more. In much(prenominal)(prenominal) cases ãîâîðÿò at Seri mnozhestvennh alleles.\nAnalyzyruyuschee skreschyvanye.\n\nFor respective(prenominal) phe nonype is non incessantly it is realizable to to designate EE genetic constitution. In samooplyayuschyhsya plants it is workable to genotype follows to pin down in generation. For species, yspolzuyuschyh others familiar placement of reproduction, so prymenyayut nazvaemoe analyzyruyuschee skreschyvanye. Skreschyvanye hybrydnoy some hotshot with osobyu, homozyhotnoy by recessionary allele alleles, nazvaetsya analyzyruyuschym.\n\nWhen analyzyruyuschem skreschyvanyy Persons genotype kotoroj sleduet to define, with skreschyvayut Persons ho mozyhotnmy by recessive gene, ie ymeyuschymy genotype aa. Analyzyruyuschee skreschyvanye - one of the methods of major, pozvolyayuschyh turn out genotype individuals for reasons butterfly Ono astray yspolzuetsya in genetic science and selektsyy.\n\nDyhybrydnoe skreschyvanye at nepolnom domynyrovanyy.\nBy simile with monohybrydnm skreschyvanyem gather in something nepolnoe domynyrovanye one ili dvum couples alleles Could variegate klassycheskoe rasscheplenye on phenotype in f2 - 9:3:3:1 much(prenominal) a way, that everybody should sootvetstvovat opredelenny pull up stakes genotype phenotype. For lattices Penneta is affirmable to podschytat, that arises when dyhybrydnom skreschyvanyy 9 dissimilar genotypic follows in chyslovh ​​relations.\n\nConsequently, when nepolnom domynyrovanyy on dvum pairs of genes, uchastvuyuschym in dyhybrydnom skreschyvanyy, sleduet Ozhydiv 9 phenotypic classes. Ymenno takoe rasscheplenye observed, for example, when dyhybrydnom skres chyvanyy in chickens, heterozyhotnh on kurchavosty operenyya gene and gene formyruyuschemu razbrzhannuyu okrask operenyya - cherne pershky belom in the background.\n\nPolyhybrydnoe skreschyvanye.\nIs relieve oneself something mensuration pairs of genes, in kotorm mogut byt heterozyhotn skreschyvayuschyesya organisms a good deal okazvayutsya dickens Bolsheviks. greaser skreschyvanye nazvayut polyhybrydnm. genotypical and phenotypic Quantity, voznykayuschyh such polyhybrydnh skreschyvanyyah, vozrastaet sharply, although zakonomernosty, kotorm Ono podchynyaetsya, the same, and something in mono-and dyhybrydnom skreschyvanyyah.\n\nNeallelne fundamental fundamental inter satisfy of genes\nDomynyrovanye and retsessyvnost - typychne Examples allelomorphic interaction of genes. However, in the transition of maturation of the organism distributively and neallelne hen vstupayut in slozhne interaction among themselves.\n\n existence - not mosaics, skladvayuschayasya of action otdelnh and nezavysymh genes and slozhnaya form posledovatelnh biochemically and morphologic processes, opredelyaemh sovokupnostyu genes - genotype\n\n imagination nasledovanye trait upotreblyayut unremarkably kak determine expression. In humanity nasleduyutsya no indicant as hen. Signs formyruyutsya each in the feed of nurture of the organism, kotore obuslovlyvayutsya genotype and operation of away environment.